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• W2911462693 abstract "Event Abstract Back to Event Executive control and its relationship to aphasia therapy outcomes Tijana Simic1, 2, 3*, Laura Laird4, Devora Goldberg4, Tali Bitan4, 5, Craig Chambers6, Gary Turner7, 8, Carol Leonard3, 4, 9 and Elizabeth Rochon2, 3, 4 1 University of Toronto, Speech-Language Pathology - Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Canada 2 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Canada 3 Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Heart and Stroke Foundation, Canada 4 University of Toronto, Speech-Language Pathology Department, Canada 5 University of Haifa, Israel 6 University of Toronto - Mississauga, Canada 7 York University, Canada 8 University of Toronto, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Canada 9 University of Ottawa, Canada Although anomia therapy can be highly beneficial (1, 2), even in chronic disease states (3), it remains difficult to predict how individuals with post-stroke aphasia will respond to treatment. Individuals with similar aphasia profiles often respond differently to the same treatment (4), and language impairments measured clinically are not always accurate predictors of communication in real-life settings (5, 6, 7). Some research suggests that executive control (EC) ability may be a good predictor of aphasia therapy success (4, 5, 6). EC is conceptualized as a diverse but related group of cognitive processes, recruited in various combinations to perform goal-oriented behaviors and navigate novel situations (8, 9). Our recent systematic review (10) found better EC performance to be related to greater language improvements following therapy in 10/15 studies. This relationship was observed primarily with: simple and specific EC tasks, naming therapy, and moderate-to-severe aphasia. The review highlighted that EC is poorly defined in aphasia treatment studies; tasks used to assess EC are highly variable and interpreted differently across studies, correlate poorly with one another and are low in validity. The aim of this pre-post single group treatment study was to examine whether specific, operationally defined EC processes measured pre-treatment could be indicative of gains made after administration of the structured Phonological Components Analysis (11, 12) naming therapy. Following well-established EC models (8, 9, 13), the EC processes of interest were: updating working memory (replacing irrelevant information with new, relevant information), shifting (switching between multiple tasks) and inhibition (stopping dominant, automatic responses). We expected positive correlations for accuracy data and negative correlations for reaction time (RT) data (i.e., lower RTs indicate better performance). Participants were treated three times a week for five weeks. Naming accuracy of treated and untreated words was assessed pre, post, four- and eight-weeks after therapy. Naming accuracy (difference scores) and performance on EC tasks were correlated using Kendall’s tau-b nonparametric correlation coefficient. Participants were: eight adults (mean age = 52.5, SD= 14.2, range= 35 – 75) with mild to severe aphasia (mean WAB AQ= 63.6, SD=12.15, range=39.6 – 78.6), post single left-hemisphere stroke (months post-onset mean= 11.0, SD= 3.7, range= 6 – 18). Preliminary findings demonstrate significantly improved naming accuracy on treated words pre- to post-treatment (p= 0.01); this was maintained at four- (p= 0.03) and eight-week (p=0.04) follow-ups. Treatment effect sizes at all time points were large. Correlation coefficients between EC tasks and naming accuracy at the three time points are presented in Table 1. Analyses reveal that for certain processes there is a strengthening of the relationship between EC and language over time. Significant correlations were found between naming accuracy at eight-week follow up and updating and inhibition accuracy (p < 0.05), and inhibition RT (p < 0.01) measured pre-treatment. Though preliminary and based on a small sample, these data suggest that distinguishable EC processes may play an important role in consolidating learned material, and maintaining treatment improvements over time. Analysis of the relationship between untreated words, naming errors, and EC processes is ongoing. Acknowledgements This work was supported by a Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada grant (#NA7015) and a Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada - Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery trainee award to Tijana Simic. The authors wish to acknowledge the participants and their families as well as our referral sites. References 1.Nickels, L. (2002). Therapy for naming disorders: Revisiting, revising, and reviewing. Aphasiology, 16(10-11), 935-979. 2.Raymer, A. M., Beeson, P., Holland, A., Kendall, D., Maher, L. M., Martin, N., . . . Gonzalez Rothi, L. J. (2008). Translational research in aphasia: From neuroscience to neurorehabilitation. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 51(1), S259-S275. 3.Brady, M. C., Godwin, J., Enderby, P., Kelly, H., & Campbell, P. (2016). Speech and language therapy for aphasia after stroke: An updated systematic review and meta-analyses. Stroke, 47(10), e236–e237. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.014439 4.Helm-Estabrooks, N. (2002). Cognition and aphasia: A discussion and a study. Journal of Communication Disorders, 35(2), 171-186. 5.Ramsberger, G. (2005). Achieving conversational success in aphasia by focusing on non-linguistic cognitive skills: A potentially promising new approach. Aphasiology, 19(10-11), 1066-1073. 6.Fridriksson, J., Nettles, C., Davis, M., Morrow, L., & Montgomery, A. (2006). Functional communication and executive function in aphasia. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 20(6), 401-410. 7.Purdy, M. (2002). Executive function ability in persons with aphasia. Aphasiology, 16(4-6), 549-557. 8.Stuss, D. (2011). Functions of the frontal lobes: relation to executive functions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17, 759 – 765. 9.Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1), 49-100. 10.Simic, T., Rochon, E., Greco, E., & Martino, R. (2017). Baseline executive control ability and its relationship to language therapy improvements in post-stroke aphasia: a systematic review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1307768 11.Leonard, C., Laird, L., Burianová, H., Graham, S., Grady, C., Simic, T., & Rochon, E. (2015). Behavioural and neural changes after a “choice” therapy for naming deficits in aphasia: Preliminary findings. Aphasiology, 29(4), 506-525. 12.Leonard, C., Rochon, E., & Laird, L. (2008). Treating naming impairments in aphasia: Findings from a phonological components analysis treatment. Aphasiology, 22(9), 923-947. 13.Stuss, D.T. & Alexander, M.P. (2007). Is there a dysexecutive syndrome? Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society Biological Sciences, 362, 901 – 915. 14.Allen, C. M., Martin, R. C., & Martin, N. (2012). Relations between short-term memory deficits, semantic processing, and executive function. Aphasiology, 26(3–4), 428–461. Keywords: aphasia therapy, executive control, anomia treatment, stroke recovery, Cognitive rehabilitation Conference: Academy of Aphasia 55th Annual Meeting , Baltimore, United States, 5 Nov - 7 Nov, 2017. Presentation Type: poster or oral Topic: Consider for student award Citation: Simic T, Laird L, Goldberg D, Bitan T, Chambers C, Turner G, Leonard C and Rochon E (2019). Executive control and its relationship to aphasia therapy outcomes. Conference Abstract: Academy of Aphasia 55th Annual Meeting . doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2017.223.00101 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 02 May 2017; Published Online: 25 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Ms. Tijana Simic, University of Toronto, Speech-Language Pathology - Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Toronto, Canada, simictij@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract Supplemental Data The Authors in Frontiers Tijana Simic Laura Laird Devora Goldberg Tali Bitan Craig Chambers Gary Turner Carol Leonard Elizabeth Rochon Google Tijana Simic Laura Laird Devora Goldberg Tali Bitan Craig Chambers Gary Turner Carol Leonard Elizabeth Rochon Google Scholar Tijana Simic Laura Laird Devora Goldberg Tali Bitan Craig Chambers Gary Turner Carol Leonard Elizabeth Rochon PubMed Tijana Simic Laura Laird Devora Goldberg Tali Bitan Craig Chambers Gary Turner Carol Leonard Elizabeth Rochon Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page." @default.
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