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• W2912128823 abstract "To the Editor, We read, with interest, the recently published article “Increased discrimination of Treponema pallidum strains by subtyping with a 4-component system incorporating a mononucleotide tandem repeat in rspA” in Sexually Transmitted Diseases by Pillay et al.1 The authors have combined determination of the guanine mononucleotide repeat length in the rspA gene with enhanced Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) typing for molecular typing of syphilis treponemes. The authors dedicated a significant part of their article to issues concerning genetic stability of mutations causing resistance to macrolides analyzed during the newly developed multilocus sequence typing.2–4 However, the examination of the 23S rDNA locus carrying the potential resistance markers was proposed only as an additional, clinically relevant analysis and is not a part of the typing scheme.2 In actuality, the recently proposed multilocus sequence typing is based on the sequence analyses of the TP0136, TP0548, and TP0705 loci. To assess the stability of these typing loci, we have analyzed 11 serial passages of the treponemal reference strain in experimental rabbits, and all passages revealed the same allelic profile suggesting stability of these typing loci for over a hundred treponemal generations. Moreover, the recent studies revealed a low mutation rate in both yaws and syphilis treponemes consistent with the stability of treponemal genome sequences for a decade or a longer period.5,6 However, the above described genetic stability of treponemal genome sequences does not apply to the length stability of the homopolymeric regions and other repetitive or paralogous sequences,7 including the homopolymeric region present in the rspA gene (TP0279) used in the recent work by Pillay et al.1 This locus was recently characterized as a locus showing genetic intrastrain heterogeneity among recent clinical isolates, and this variability likely drives phase variation in T. pallidum during human infection.8 In addition, the restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of tpr genes and the determination of repeats in the arp gene were previously shown to be variable in multiple samples from the same patient, a phenomenon that was not detected in sequence-based typing.9 The enhanced CDC typing served as an adequate tool for mapping the epidemiology of syphilis for about 20 years with the first report appearing in the same year as the first treponemal genome sequence. Since then, a significant expansion of our knowledge regarding T. pallidum genetics and genomics has occurred and revealed a limited genetic stability of tpr, arp, and rspA genes in comparison to other treponemal genomic loci.7,8 Linda Grillová, PhD Biology of Spirochetes Unit Institut Pasteur, Paris, France [email protected]David Šmajs, MD, PhD Department of Biology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University, Brno Czech Republic" @default.
• W2912128823 created "2019-02-21" @default.
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• W2912128823 date "2019-06-01" @default.
• W2912128823 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2912128823 title "Genetic Stability of the Typing Loci Used in the Multilocus Sequence Typing and Enhanced CDC Typing of Syphilis Treponemes" @default.
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• W2912128823 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000000981" @default.
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