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- W2912149440 abstract "The criminal justice system is a complex institution with a great deal of power over the lives of the individuals who enter that system as defendants. There is justifiably a great deal of concern both in policy circles and the academic literature about unwarranted disparity in general, and racial discrimination in particular. Often research on this question focuses on differences in treatment across racial groups. However, differential treatment may in fact be warranted by unobserved differences in individuals. A common approach is to control for observables, an approach that is limited by the relatively sparse information available to researchers. An alternative approach to this question, outcome analysis, has recently risen to prominence in the economics literature in the context of racial profiling by police. The approach, founded on the rational choice theory of behavior, starts with a clear statement of the objective function of the criminal justice actor. Outcome analysis claims that the outcome of the objective function - hit rates for police searches - should be constant across racial groups if the actor in question is in fact unbiased. In this paper, we extend this approach to study racial differences in bail setting by judges. We provide a theoretical justification of the use of outcome analysis approach, and we also illustrate why in general what we call standard outcome analysis provides neither necessary or sufficient evidence against discrimination. We then propose an alternative test of the rationality of the actors based on the first order conditions. We implement this test using the State Court Processing Statistics dataset. Preliminary results indicated that judges do appear to be acting in a rational manner when setting bail in a sense made precise in the paper. We also present some evidence that there may be bias against blacks." @default.
- W2912149440 created "2019-02-21" @default.
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- W2912149440 date "2006-01-01" @default.
- W2912149440 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2912149440 title "Are Bail Amounts Racially Discriminatory? Theory and Evidence Using Outcome Analysis" @default.
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- W2912149440 doi "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.913461" @default.
- W2912149440 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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