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- W2912421655 abstract "Chikungunya fever is an important arthropod-borne (arbovirus) viral disease transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected Aedes Aegypti mosquito. Chikungunya (CHIKV) is a member of the genus Alphavirus, belonging to the family Togaviridae. It was first isolated from the blood of a febrile patient in Tanzania in 1953 and has since been identified repeatedly in west, central, and southern Africa and many areas of Asia; it has been cited as the cause of numerous human epidemics in those areas since that time. The virus circulates throughout much of Africa, with transmission thought to occur mainly between mosquitoes and monkeys. CHIKV causes a febrile illness quite similar to that seen in dengue virus infections. The hallmark feature of CHIKV disease is a debilitating and prolonged arthralgic syndrome, which primarily affects the peripheral small joints. In Chikungunya disease, the acute febrile phase of the illness normally resolves within a few days, whereas the pain associated with the infection of the joints typically persists for weeks, months, or in some cases, years and causes serious economic and social impact on both the individual and the affected communities. Chikungunya fever epidemics have already been reported from several countries around the world. The disease that was silent for nearly 32 years re-emerged in the October 2005 outbreak in India that is still ongoing. The incubation period ranges from 3 to 12 days. The onset is usually abrupt, and the acute stage is characterized by sudden onset with high-grade fever, severe arthralgias, myalgias, and skin rash. In the chronic stage, relapses that include sensation of fever, asthenia, exacerbation of arthralgias, inflammatory polyarthritis, and stiffness may be evident. Neurological, ocular, and mucocutaneous manifestations have also been described. Chronic arthritis may develop in about 15 percent of the patients. Viral culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Chikungunya fever, but real time-polymerase chain reaction and real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification have also been found to be useful. Serodiagnostic methods for the detection of immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies against CHIKV are frequently used. Chikungunya is a self-limiting disease; however, severe manifestations such as meningoencephalitis, fulminant hepatitis, and bleeding may sometimes be life threatening. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Prevention by educating the community and public health officials and vector control measures appear to be the best approach at controlling Chikungunya fever because no commercially available vaccine is available for public use in India for this condition presently. The disease was also considered as potential biological weapon by United States." @default.
- W2912421655 created "2019-02-21" @default.
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- W2912421655 date "2013-06-20" @default.
- W2912421655 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2912421655 title "Chikungunya Fever" @default.
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- W2912421655 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118393277.ch10" @default.
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