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- W2912661926 abstract "Thyroid disorders are among the most common diseases of the endocrine system and may be divided into the groups of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid nodules/cancer. This chapter will focus on the clinical and biochemical features in both diagnosis and management of all three classes of thyroid diseases with extra attention given to special situations like pregnancy and pediatrics. Hypothyroidism is usually due to surgical thyroidectomy or autoimmune destruction of the gland; it is reliably diagnosed and monitored through measures of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Hyperthyroidism is commonly caused by auto-antibody driven thyroid hormone over-production or excessive thyroid secretion by a functional thyroid nodule. Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed and managed through use of TSH, free thyroxine, and free tri-iodothyronine measures. Severe thyroid auto-antibodies may be measured but are specific to the disease in question. Diagnosis of thyroid disease in pregnancy may require slightly different laboratory reference ranges for thyroid hormone measures. Thyroglobulin and calcitonin are two common biochemical tumor markers useful in the follow up of thyroid cancer. An understanding of common laboratory methods for all thyroid-related measures is important to enhance clinical interpretation of results, especially in situations where the clinical picture does not match the reported measures." @default.
- W2912661926 created "2019-02-21" @default.
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- W2912661926 date "2017-01-01" @default.
- W2912661926 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W2912661926 title "Thyroid disorders" @default.
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- W2912661926 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803412-5.00002-1" @default.
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