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- W2912666079 endingPage "356" @default.
- W2912666079 startingPage "329" @default.
- W2912666079 abstract "The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood within the arteries that originates in the pumping action of the heart. It is produced primarily by the contraction of the heart muscle. It is measured in two indexes: the systolic pressure, which shows the force that blood exerts on the artery walls at the heart’s contraction to pump blood to the peripheral organs and tissues, and the diastolic pressure, which remains on the artery walls as the heart relaxes between beats. It is postulated that the normal value of systolic pressure for healthy individuals must vary between 100 and 140 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and the diastolic pressure value varies between 60 and 100 mm Hg.For 90 to 95% of patients, the causes of high blood pressure are unknown; this hypertension is classified as essential or primary hypertension. The remaining 5 to 10% are cases of secondary hypertension caused by underlying heart, kidney, or endocrinal diseases, certain cancers, or use of cocaine, amphetamines, thyroid supplements, or corticosteroids.Hypertension (high blood pressure) can lead to an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and renal failure. Statistically, on average approximately 20% of the adult population is hypertensive.Antihypertensive drugs are medications that help lower blood pressure.The main classes of modern antihypertensives include the diuretics, β blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and blockers of the renin–angiotensin system, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and direct renin inhibition, which produce similar reduction of blood pressure. Other antihypertensive drugs, such as α1-adrenergic blockers, α2 agonists, direct-acting vasodilators, and aldosterone receptor antagonists (Aldactone or eplerenone) are reserved for some special indications.The angiotensin II receptor blockers losartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, valsartan, and telmisartan are included in the list of Top 200 Drugs by sales for the 2010s." @default.
- W2912666079 created "2019-02-21" @default.
- W2912666079 creator A5012383027 @default.
- W2912666079 creator A5076760321 @default.
- W2912666079 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2912666079 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2912666079 title "Antihypertensive Drugs" @default.
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