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- W2913445532 abstract "Publisher SummaryThe peripheral vestibular apparatus is housed within the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It consists of an outer protective bony labyrinth that encases a system of interconnected fluid-filled ducts called the membranous labyrinth. The vestibular labyrinth is comprised of three nearly orthogonal semicircular canals, anterior (superior), posterior (inferior), and horizontal (lateral), and two enlarged chambers that form the utricle and saccule. Each bony semicircular canal contains a curved membranous duct and an enlarged ampulla. Within each ampulla is a neuroepithelial crest or crista, in which are embedded the sensory hair cells, interdigitating supporting cells, and afferent and efferent nerve fibers. Together this ensemble detects angular acceleration of the head and transmits this signal via the ampullary branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the central nervous system (CNS). The utricle and saccule lie within the two enlarged bony chambers that are perpendicular to each other, and each contains a flattened neuroepithelial patch called a macula that also consists of hair cells, supporting cells, and nerve fibers. As components of a modified epithelium, vestibular hair cells and supporting cells separate two dissimilar fluids. Endolymph, found inside the membranous labyrinth, has a high potassium concentration; and perilymph, bathing the outside of the membranous labyrinth, has a composition similar to extracellular fluid. There are approximately 3,500 vestibular neurons in mouse Scarpa's ganglion, which are divided equally among the five organs with an estimated 680 to each. Since there are many more hair cells in macular organs, it follows that the ratio of hair cells to utricular and saccular afferents are greater. Despite an early study on the central projections of vestibular afferents in mice, much less information is available on central vestibular nuclei in this animal." @default.
- W2913445532 created "2019-02-21" @default.
- W2913445532 creator A5064439771 @default.
- W2913445532 creator A5086368951 @default.
- W2913445532 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W2913445532 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2913445532 title "Vestibular System" @default.
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