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• W2914493757 abstract "Abstract It is common to look for signatures of local adaptation in genomes by identifying loci with extreme levels of allele frequency divergence among populations. This approach to finding genes associated with local adaptation often assumes antagonistic pleiotropy, wherein alternative alleles are strongly favoured in alternative environments. Conditional neutrality has been proposed as an alternative to antagonistic pleiotropy, but conditionally neutral polymorphisms are transient and it is unclear how much outlier signal would be maintained under different forms of conditional neutrality. Here, we use individual-based simulations and a simple analytical heuristic to show that a pattern that mimics local adaptation at the phenotypic level, where each genotype has the highest fitness in its home environment, can be produced by the accumulation of mutations that are neutral in their home environment and deleterious in non-local environments. Because conditionally deleterious mutations likely arise at a rate many times higher than conditionally beneficial mutations, they can have a significant cumulative effect on fitness even when individual effect sizes are small. We show that conditionally deleterious mutations driving non-local maladaptation may be undetectable by even the most powerful genome scans, as differences in allele frequency between populations are typically small. We also explore the evolutionary effects of conditionally-beneficial mutations and find that they can maintain significant signals of local adaptation, and they would be more readily detectable than conditionally deleterious mutations using conventional genome scan approaches. We discuss implications for interpreting outcomes of transplant experiments and genome scans that are used to study the genetic basis of local adaptation." @default.
• W2914493757 created "2019-02-21" @default.
• W2914493757 creator A5076712876 @default.
• W2914493757 creator A5091612127 @default.
• W2914493757 date "2019-02-13" @default.
• W2914493757 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2914493757 title "Unpacking conditional neutrality: genomic signatures of selection on conditionally beneficial and conditionally deleterious mutations" @default.
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• W2914493757 doi "https://doi.org/10.1101/549329" @default.
• W2914493757 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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