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• W2914509194 abstract "Abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method which enables in vivo perturbation of neural activity in humans through the application of electromagnetic fields to the brain. The repeated application of TMS (rTMS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been shown to be a non-invasive neuromodulation tool for the treatment of drug resistant depression and is FDA approved to be used clinically. However, significant variability in treatment outcomes across patients has been reported. Additionally, basic mechanisms underlying TMS effects on prefrontal neural circuitry is largely unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to improve current stimulation protocols by exploring the mechanism of such modulation. Several studies have investigated TMS effects using non-invasive imaging modalities such as electroencephalography (EEG). However, EEG suffers from low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and low spatial specify due to volume conduction. Therefore, in our study we investigate the effect of prefrontal TMS in a non-human primate model with implanted depth electrodes (32 electrode channels spanning the left hemisphere from frontal to occipital brain regions). This allows us to record high quality neural activity from the stimulation region as well as connected brain areas with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Several sessions of single-pulse TMS (100 pulses total per stimulation condition) to the prefrontal cortex were recorded while the monkey was under anesthesia. Data preprocessing involved TMS artifact removal including TMS artifacts and TMS induced muscle activity. Neural activity could be fully recovered at least 10 ms after stimulation. With further time-frequency analysis, we found decreased power mainly in low frequency oscillations, (2-4 Hz) shortly after the TMS stimulus followed by a recovery approximately one second after offset. This effect was strongest in prefrontal electrodes. We provide evidence that TMS is modulating intrinsic brain activity even under anesthesia through the suppression of low frequency oscillations. Future research will involve investigating the effect of changing TMS parameters (intensity, coil orientation) in further detail. Our research can provide a better understanding on how TMS affects neural activity in the prefrontal cortex and eventually can lead to more efficient treatment protocols to a variety of disorders such as depression." @default.
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• W2914509194 date "2019-03-01" @default.
• W2914509194 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2914509194 title "Abstract #3: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to the Prefrontal Cortex: a Non-human Primate Study" @default.
• W2914509194 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.010" @default.
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