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• W2914868616 abstract "The ancestral panda Ailurarctos lufengensis, excavated from the late Miocene, is thought to be carnivorous or omnivorous [1Qiu Z. Qi G. Ailuropoda found from the late Miocene deposits in Lufeng, Yunnan.Verteb. Palasiat. 1989; 27: 153-169Google Scholar]. Today, giant pandas exclusively consume bamboo and have distinctive tooth, skull, and muscle characteristics adapted to a tough and fibrous bamboo diet during their long evolution [1Qiu Z. Qi G. Ailuropoda found from the late Miocene deposits in Lufeng, Yunnan.Verteb. Palasiat. 1989; 27: 153-169Google Scholar, 2Wei F. Hu Y. Yan L. Nie Y. Wu Q. Zhang Z. Giant pandas are not an evolutionary cul-de-sac: evidence from multidisciplinary research.Mol. Biol. Evol. 2015; 32: 4-12Crossref PubMed Scopus (84) Google Scholar]. A special feature, the pseudo-thumb, has evolved to permit the precise and efficient grasping of bamboo [3Wei F. Hu Y. Zhu L. Bruford M.W. Zhan X. Zhang L. Black and white and read all over: the past, present and future of giant panda genetics.Mol. Ecol. 2012; 21: 5660-5674Crossref PubMed Scopus (77) Google Scholar, 4Hu Y. Wu Q. Ma S. Ma T. Shan L. Wang X. Nie Y. Ning Z. Yan L. Xiu Y. Wei F. Comparative genomics reveals convergent evolution between the bamboo-eating giant and red pandas.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2017; 114: 1081-1086Crossref PubMed Scopus (135) Google Scholar]. Unlike those of extant pandas, little is known about the diet and habitat preferences of extinct pandas. Prevailing studies suggest that the panda shifted to specialized bamboo feeding in the Pleistocene [5Jin C. Ciochon R.L. Dong W. Hunt Jr., R.M. Liu J. Jaeger M. Zhu Q. The first skull of the earliest giant panda.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2007; 104: 10932-10937Crossref PubMed Scopus (86) Google Scholar, 6Zhao H. Yang J.R. Xu H. Zhang J. Pseudogenization of the umami taste receptor gene Tas1r1 in the giant panda coincided with its dietary switch to bamboo.Mol. Biol. Evol. 2010; 27: 2669-2673Crossref PubMed Scopus (126) Google Scholar]; however, this remains questionable. Pandas now survive in a fraction of their historical habitat [7Loucks C.J. Lü Z. Dinerstein E. Wang H. Olson D.M. Zhu C. Wang D. Ecology. Giant pandas in a changing landscape.Science. 2001; 294: 1465Crossref PubMed Scopus (120) Google Scholar], but no specific information has been reported. Stable isotope analyses can be used to understand diet- and habitat-related changes in animals [8Boecklen W.J. Yarnes C.T. Cook B.A. James A.C. On the use of stable isotopes in trophic ecology.Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2011; 42: 411-440Crossref Scopus (264) Google Scholar]. Isotopic signals in bone collagen reflect dietary compositions of ancient human diets [9Ambrose S.H. Deniro M.J. Reconstruction of African human diet using bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios.Nature. 1986; 319: 321-324Crossref Scopus (214) Google Scholar, 10Richards M.P. Schulting R.J. Hedges R.E.M. Archaeology: sharp shift in diet at onset of Neolithic.Nature. 2003; 425: 366Crossref PubMed Scopus (254) Google Scholar] and dietary changes between historical and modern animal populations [11Koch P.L. Heisinger J. Moss C. Carlson R.W. Fogel M.L. Behrensmeyer A.K. Isotopic tracking of change in diet and habitat use in african elephants.Science. 1995; 267: 1340-1343Crossref PubMed Scopus (202) Google Scholar, 12Chamberlain C.P. Waldbauer J.R. Fox-Dobbs K. Newsome S.D. Koch P.L. Smith D.R. Church M.E. Chamberlain S.D. Sorenson K.J. Risebrough R. Pleistocene to recent dietary shifts in California condors.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2005; 102: 16707-16711Crossref PubMed Scopus (143) Google Scholar]. Here, we conduct stable isotope analyses of bone and tooth samples from ancient and modern pandas and from sympatric fauna. We show that pandas have had a diet dominated by C3 resources over time and space and that trophic niches of ancient and modern pandas are distinctly different. The isotopic trophic and ecological niche widths of ancient pandas are approximately three times larger than those of modern pandas, suggesting that ancient pandas possibly had more complex diets and habitats than do their modern counterparts. Our findings provide insight into the dietary evolution and habitat contraction of pandas." @default.
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• W2914868616 date "2019-02-01" @default.
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• W2914868616 title "Diet Evolution and Habitat Contraction of Giant Pandas via Stable Isotope Analysis" @default.
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• W2914868616 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.12.051" @default.
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