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• W2916194312 abstract "prov*e*nance (prov'e-nens) n. Place of origin, source. [LAT. Provenire, to originate.] [This two-part article appeared complete as the introduction to a facsimile reproduction of Bassini's book published by Plural Press in 2007. While much of the information herein has appeared in previous columns, it is hoped that presenting it in context of Bassini's method will be of interest to the reader.] THE COUP DE LA GLOTTE No ONE PRIOR TO GARCIA gave specific instructions on how to initiate a tone. As in so many areas concerning voice production, Garcia was the first to try to describe in detail this aspect of voice production. Hold the body straight, quiet, upright on the two legs, removed from any point of support; open the mouth, not in the form of the oval 0, but by letting the lower jaw fall away from the upper by its own weight, the corners of the mouth drawn back slightly. This movement, which holds the lips softly pressed against the teeth, opens the mouth in the correct proportion and finds it an agreeable form. Hold the tongue relaxed and immobile (without lifting it either by its root or by its tip); finally, separate the base of the pillars and soften the entire throat. In this position, inhale slowly and for a long time. After you are thus prepared, and when the lungs are full of air, without stiffening either the phonator or any part of the body, but calmly and easily, attack the tones very distinctly with a light of the glottis on a very clear [a] vowel. That [a] will be taken well at the bottom of the throat in order that no obstacle may be opposed to the emission of the sound. In these conditions the tone should come out with ring and with roundness.1 This was the beginning of a lifelong controversy for Garcia. For the next sixty years he would defend this tenet of his method. Perhaps he could foretell the difficulties to come when he warned: One must guard against confusing the of the glottis with the of the chest (coup de poitrine), which resembles a cough, or the effort of expelling something which is obstructing the throat.2 By the later third of the nineteenth century, Garcia's critics were vehemently opposed to the technique. Many misunderstood the coup de la glotte to be an excessively violent release of air from tightly adducted vocal folds that if practiced regularly would result in the ruination of the voice. In Garcia's last written work, Hints on Singing, he answered once again the question that had plagued him for so many years. Q. What do you mean by the of the glottis? A. The neat articulation of the glottis that gives a precise and clean start to a sound.3 Apparently there was genuine cause for concern if the technique were abused. Critics spoke of ruined voices. However, according to Hermann Klein (1856-1934), a longtime student of Garcia and a well known music critic, none of Garcia's own students ever had difficulty as a result of the coup de la glotte.4 This is restated in a footnote written for the second edition of Hints on Singing by Klein. It is of the utmost importance that these observations should be studied and correctly understood. The meaning of the term stroke of the glottis, which was invented by the author, has been seriously misrepresented, and its misuse has done a great deal of harm.5 The controversy played out in public forums and newspapers in a fashion that must have been similar to what we have observed in recent years over the low-carb diet craze. Author and critic George Bernard Shaw took many opportunities to lambast Garcia.6 Stark discussed several examples of public forums where Garcia's methods were criticized.7 At one particular event, the popular artist and personality Victor Maurel offered exaggerated examples of the onset to a crowd and harshly criticized Garcia, who was in the audience. Dr. Henry Holbrook Curtis (1856-1920), the famous New York physician and friend of tenor Jean de Reszke decried the coup de la glotte as harmful and led a movement against its use. …" @default.
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• W2916194312 date "2010-09-01" @default.
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• W2916194312 title "Carlo Bassini's the Art of Singing, Part 2" @default.
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