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- W2916469249 abstract "At this time what might be termed the 5th epidemic of interest in the chlamydiae a diverse group of microorganisms containing a number of pathogens that are important in both human and animal diseases is occurring. Focus in this discussion of chlamydial infections is on taxonomy microbiology and latency. The chlamydiae due to a unique developmental cycle that differentiates them from all other microorganisms have been placed in their own order--the chlamydiales. There is 1 genus chlamydia and 2 species--Chlamydia psittaci and C. trachomatis. All members of the genus share a common antigen. The species can be differentiated on the basis of inclusion type. C. trachomatis inclusions stain with iodine; C. psittaci inclusions do not. Additionally C. trachomatis is sensitive to sulfonamides and C. psittaci is resistant. A table lists the human diseases caused by chlamydia. C. psittaci includes the organisms responsible for human psittacosis and for the avian infections that may ultimately cause the human disease. Additionally different strains of C. psittaci cause a wide variety of diseases of animals. Economically prominent among these are abortions arthritis and other systemic infections in sheep and cattle. C. trachomatis includes the organisms responsible for trachoma inclusion conjunctivitis genital-tract infections and lymphogranuloma venereum. With the exception of a few strains of rodent pneumonitis the C. trachomatis strains are human pathogens with the human as the sole natural host whereas C. psittaci strains appear to involve human diseases only as zoonoses. C. trachomatis strains of human origin are more homogeneous. The chlamydiae are obligatory intracellular parasites once considered to be large viruses sensitive to the action of some antimicrobials or antibiotics but a more sophisticated definition of viruses and bacteria has permitted the recognition that the chlamydiae are bacteria like and definitely not viruses. They differ from the viruses in having 2 nucleic acids and in having a discrete cell wall quite analagous in structure and content to those of the gram negative bacteria. The chlamydiae have a restricted metabolic capability and multiply within the host cell by binary fission. They undergo no eclipse phase. They are susceptible to antibiotics. Careful study of any natural chlamydial host shows a substantial degree of latent or inapparent infections. There is no convincing evidence that chlamydiae persist in the intact host in a nonreplicating form. It is more likely that latent or subclinical infections represent persistent low levels of multiplication held in check by host defense mechanisms. C. trachomatis infections of the genital tract represent the major focus of current interest in the chlamydia. Chlamydia recovery has been associated with nongonococcal urethritis at a statistically significant level. The implications of the double infection with chlamydiae in gonorrhea are clear; chlamydiae are responsible for approximately 70% of postgonococcal urethritis." @default.
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- W2916469249 date "1978-01-01" @default.
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- W2916469249 title "Chlamydial infections. Pt. 1." @default.
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