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- W2917151776 startingPage "1523" @default.
- W2917151776 abstract "Masked mycotoxins are biologically modified phase II metabolites formed by plant defense mechanisms through glucosylation catalyzed by uridine diphosphate -glucosyltransferases. Most of the current reports focus on the occurrence of masked mycotoxins in Europe, America, Africa, and cover other geographic regions, e.g. China and Japan. High proportions of masked mycotoxins co-occurring with their parent forms in various cereal-based food and feedstuff could clearly increase total exposures and pose additional health risks to humans and animals. In contrast to the parent mycotoxins, the data on the toxicity of masked mycotoxins are still scarce, however, the poor existing information showed that masked mycotoxins generally exhibit significant in vitro and in vivo toxicities lower than those of their parent forms, especially for deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, which is the only thoroughly investigated masked mycotoxin. Although the lower toxicity level of masked mycotoxins, these are probably hydrolyzed into their free forms by intestinal microorganisms in the digestive tract of mammals and thus contribute to unpredicted toxicity. The metabolic characteristics of reported masked mycotoxins are species-specific. The most relevant animal model of human sensitivity, the pig, is most sensitive to masked mycotoxins. This review focuses on updates in the current knowledge on country-specific natural-occurrence data in global surveys, as well as in vitro and in vivo toxicology and metabolic investigations of masked mycotoxins." @default.
- W2917151776 created "2019-03-02" @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5005388461 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5011150151 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5023312071 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5024563266 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5027911001 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5070700736 @default.
- W2917151776 creator A5081194034 @default.
- W2917151776 date "2019-02-26" @default.
- W2917151776 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2917151776 title "A systematic review of plant-conjugated masked mycotoxins: Occurrence, toxicology, and metabolism" @default.
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