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• W2920492734 abstract "Today's extensive use of autogenous (AG) and semi-autogenous (SAG) mills is credited to the combination of relative high throughput and high reduction ratios allied with compactness of their physical installations. There is, consequently, an increasing demand for techniques that enable the prediction of the performance of such equipment, under a wide range of conditions.Mathematical modelling and simulation have proven to be a reliable technique to assist the development of comminution circuits in conceptual design, scale-up from pilot plant test work and the optimisation of industrial operations. Although current AG/SAG mill models have been used successfully to simulate a number of closed and open circuit situations, there are a number of areas where they are limited in their ability to predict the effect of changes in operational variables. These deficiencies are believed to reside on the approach currently adopted which do not incorporate the interaction between feed, charge and the breakage frequency distribution. Although the individual assessment of mill charge dynamics and size reduction mechanisms have progressed substantially, none of the published AG/SAG models are directly based on the interactions between them.The modelling approach adopted in this thesis is based on the interaction between mill charge motion and size reduction mechanisms, which is believed to resemble a real mill operation. The main objective of the thesis is therefore to describe the influence of the charge composition and motion on breakage performance such that it can predict the performance of the mill under all normally encountered operational conditions.The charge is assumed to be comprised of two different fractions i.e. the one which causes breakage, described as grinding media or contactors, and the one which receive the contacts, or contactees. The motion of the contactors will therefore determine both the frequency and the intensity of the size reduction mechanisms. The two mechanisms selected to represent the size reduction mechanisms in AG and SAG mills were impact and attrition, which have therefore to be described according to the approach adopted in the charge motion model used. Accordingly, even though the mode of applying energy to a particle in a AG/SAG mill may vary substantially, the resulting breakage will depend only on the particle characteristics and the total amount of energy received by the particle.One of the most prominent characteristics of the model resides on its structure and consequently on the mode in which it iterates. Instead of utilising the information to iterate backwards as most models do, Leung's AG/SAG model included, the new model generates the necessary information based solely on the mill design characteristics, operating conditions and ore characterisation results, as input data. Therefore, the new model is not based on variables which are inherently operation dependent or necessitate scale-up procedures.A total of 11 surveys involving AG/SAG mill charge analysis were selected and the information treated to serve as a platform for the AG/SAG model developments. A second collection of experimental data included the research activities with direct participation of the author which resulted in the accumulation of a substantial data base on the performance of AG and SAG mills. These data comprised a total of 17 surveys involving industrial mill operation in three distinct mineral processing plants, including a significant range of operating conditions, circuit configurations, ore types and equipment characteristics.The validation procedure was designed to evaluate the predictive capacity of the new AG/SAG model to resemble the interactions between the load and mill operating conditions. The simulation results indicated that the model consistently reproduces the effects of mill throughput, speed, slurry pooling, lifter design, grate design and ore breakage characteristics on the mill load. The interactions between these operating conditions and the load composition provided realistic correlation between the impact/attrition breakage mechanisms with mill performance.n" @default.
• W2920492734 created "2019-03-11" @default.
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• W2920492734 date "2018-08-27" @default.
• W2920492734 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2920492734 title "A load-interactive model of autogenous and semi-autogenous mills" @default.
• W2920492734 doi "https://doi.org/10.14264/uql.2018.531" @default.
• W2920492734 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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