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- W2922671917 abstract "Cluster randomized trials with measurements at baseline can improve power over post-test only designs by using difference in difference designs. However, subjects may be lost to follow-up between the baseline and follow-up periods. While equations for sample size and variance have been developed assuming no loss to follow-up (cohort) and completely different subjects at baseline and follow-up (cross-sectional) difference in difference designs, equations have yet to be developed when some subjects are observed in both periods (mixture designs). We present a general equation for calculating the variance in difference in difference designs and derive special cases assuming loss to follow-up with replacement of lost subjects and assuming loss to follow-up with no replacement but retaining the baseline measurements of all subjects. Relative efficiency plots, plots of variance against subject autocorrelation, and plots of variance by follow-up rate and subject autocorrelation are used to compare cohort, cross-sectional, and mixture approaches. Results indicate that when loss to follow-up to uncommon, mixture designs are almost as efficient as cohort designs with a given initial sample size. When loss to follow-up is common, mixture designs with full replacement maintain efficiency relative to cohort designs. Finally, our results provide guidance on whether to replace lost subjects during trial design and analysis." @default.
- W2922671917 created "2019-04-01" @default.
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- W2922671917 date "2019-03-24" @default.
- W2922671917 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2922671917 title "Correct power for cluster-randomized difference-in-difference trials with loss to follow-up" @default.
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