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• W2930485729 abstract "l-Carnitine (l-Car) plays a crucial role in fatty acid <i>β</i>-oxidation. However, the plasma l-Car concentration in women markedly declines during pregnancy, but the underlying mechanism and its consequences on maternal hepatic <i>β</i>-oxidation have not yet been clarified. Our results showed that the plasma l-Car level in mice at gestation day (GD) 18 was significantly lower than that in nonpregnant mice, and the mean fetal-to-maternal plasma l-Car ratio in GD 18 mice was 3.0. Carnitine/organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) was highly expressed in mouse and human placenta and upregulated as gestation proceeds in human placenta, whereas expressions of carnitine transporter (CT) 1, CT2, and amino acid transporter B^0,+ were extremely low. Further study revealed that renal peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor <i>α</i> (PPAR<i>α</i>) and OCTN2 were downregulated and the renal l-Car level was reduced, whereas the urinary excretion of l-Car was lower in late pregnant mice than in nonpregnant mice. Meanwhile, progesterone (pregnancy-related hormone) downregulated the expression of renal OCTN2 via PPAR<i>α</i>-mediated pathway, and inhibited the activity of OCTN2, but estradiol, corticosterone, and cortisol did not. Unexpectedly, the maternal hepatic level of l-Car and <i>β</i>-hydroxybutyrate (an indicator of mitochondrial <i>β</i>-oxidation), and mRNA levels of several enzymes involved in fatty acid <i>β</i>-oxidation in GD 18 mice were higher than that in nonpregnant mice. In conclusion, OCTN2 mediated l-Car transfer across the placenta played a major role in maternal plasma l-Car reduction during pregnancy, which did not subsequently result in maternal hepatic fatty acid <i>β</i>-oxidation decrease." @default.
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• W2930485729 date "2019-03-27" @default.
• W2930485729 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2930485729 title "Maternal Plasma l-Carnitine Reduction During Pregnancy Is Mainly Attributed to OCTN2-Mediated Placental Uptake and Does Not Result in Maternal Hepatic Fatty Acid<i>β</i>-Oxidation Decline" @default.
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• W2930485729 doi "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.119.086439" @default.
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