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• W29322831 abstract "Development of autonomous machinery has advanced to the point where the safety has risen to interest of manufacturers and researchers. Safety is a requirement for machine’s access to the market. ISO 11783 standard defines a data transfer bus for data exchange between an agricultural tractor and an implement. Standard also defines a control option where the implement could command the tractor, allowing creation of highly automated and autonomous functions. The market for agricultural tractors in European Union is controlled by two directives: the so called “tractor directive” 2003/37/EC and “the machine directive” 2006/42/EC. In this study requirements, set by these two directives, for autonomous work machinery are examined. In this study it is found that most requirements are set by the machine directive and it is possible to bring autonomous work machinery to market within the requirements of these directives. Standards related to the safety of control system are IEC 61508, EN 62061 and EN 13849 and in addition for agricultural machinery ISO/DIS 25119. In this study the requirements and views of these standards are examined. EN 62061 and EN 13849 are harmonized standards meant in the machine directive. It is found in this study that these standards set technical requrements, but in addition to that they also set requirements for design and development process of control systems. These standards keep safety as a process where the safety is built within the system in development phase, rather than a set of technical requirements. The use of ISOBUS data transfer bus, defined in ISO 11783, in safety-critical communication, is examined in this study. Properties of the bus are examined from the view of safety-related standards of control systems and especially from the view of EN 50159-2 standard. It is found that the ISOBUS is not usable for application requiring high levels of safety integrity. However the bus could be used, if certain safety-related improvements are made. A safety-related problem resulting from the lack of definitions in the system level of agricultural machinery was identified. In a case-example of this study, safety of ISBUS class 3 compatible seed drill was examined. The safety process described in ISO 12100 standard was used with the help of tools provided in ISO 14121 standard. Removal of identified safety problems was studied from the view of standards related to the safety of control systems." @default.
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• W29322831 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W29322831 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W29322831 title "Safety of autonomous agricultural tractor-implement combinations with ISOBUS capabilities" @default.
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