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• W2937309785 abstract "Xenotransplantation research has made considerable progress in recent years, largely through the increasing availability of pigs with multiple genetic modifications. We suggest that a pig with nine genetic modifications (ie, currently available) will provide organs (initially kidneys and hearts) that would function for a clinically valuable period of time, for example, >12 months, after transplantation into patients with end-stage organ failure. The national regulatory authorities, however, will likely require evidence, based on in vitro and/or in vivo experimental data, to justify the inclusion of each individual genetic modification in the pig. We provide data both from our own experience and that of others on the advantages of pigs in which (a) all three known carbohydrate xenoantigens have been deleted (triple-knockout pigs), (b) two human complement-regulatory proteins (CD46, CD55) and two human coagulation-regulatory proteins (thrombomodulin, endothelial cell protein C receptor) are expressed, (c) the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory molecule, human hemeoxygenase-1 is expressed, and (d) human CD47 is expressed to suppress elements of the macrophage and T-cell responses. Although many alternative genetic modifications could be made to an organ-source pig, we suggest that the genetic manipulations we identify above will all contribute to the success of the initial clinical pig kidney or heart transplants, and that the beneficial contribution of each individual manipulation is supported by considerable experimental evidence." @default.
• W2937309785 created "2019-04-25" @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5004818290 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5021163102 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5027197593 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5027326762 @default.
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• W2937309785 creator A5045259974 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5048431391 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5052576326 @default.
• W2937309785 creator A5082539982 @default.
• W2937309785 date "2019-04-15" @default.
• W2937309785 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W2937309785 title "Justification of specific genetic modifications in pigs for clinical organ xenotransplantation" @default.
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