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• W2938278278 abstract "INTRODUCTION: A seizure is a paroxsysmal time limited change in motor activity and or behaviour that results from abnormal electrical activity in the brain.Seizures are common in pediatric age group and occur in approximately 10% of children. Most seizures in children are provoked by somatic disorders originating outside the brain such as high fever, infection, syncope, head trauma, hypoxia, or toxins. Less than one third of seizuresin children are caused by epilepsy, a condition defined as two or more unprovoked seizures occurring at an interval greater that 24hrs apart. Infants and children are more prone to have seizures than adults. This reflects the greater neuronal excitability at certain ages as the excitatory glutamate system and inhibitory GABA system do not always balance each other. This results in a tendency to exhibit symptomatic seizures related to high fever, infections, minor asphyxia, medication, bacteria toxins and biochemical disturbances like hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine whether children with febrile convulsion have decreased serum zinc level when compared to normal children andchildren with fever without convulsions. STUDY JUSTIFICATION: Numerous studies have been done to analyse the role of trace elements in febrile convulsions. Studies have shown that hypozincemia predisposes to febrile convulsions and many such studies have been done in Iran, Turkey and Bangladesh. Two studies done in India one at Chennai and one atMumbai have shown similar results. However both the studies have been done in large Metropolitan cities were the study population may not be representative of the Indian population which is predominantly rural. This study has been done Chengalpattu medical college which is the main health care institution to more than hundred villages in and around Chengalpattu. Due to the paucity of the Indian studies especially in the rural population we undertook this study at our hospital. DISCUSSION: This study was conducted to determine whether children with febrile convulsion had low serum zinc levels compared to children with fever alone and normal children. The three groups of children were comparable with respect to age, sex, nutritional status and socioeconomic status. The mean age of febrile convulsions was 20 months in this study. Lynette et al reported a mean age of 18 months and all other studies reported mean age of onset between 20 and 25 months.Positive family history was present in 10% of children with febrile convulsion in this study. This is significantly less when compared to other studies. Siddique et al reported an incidence of 30% in his study. Saidul haque in 1981 reported 20% of children with positive family history in hisstudy. Farwell in 1994 reported positive family history in 29% of cases. However the finding that children with positive family history had earlier age of onset of febrile convulsions shown in these studies was present in our study also. The mean age of onset was 17.8 months in children with positive family history which is less compared to 20 monthsas a whole. Similar findings were reported by Plochl et al in 1992. Viral illnesses are the predominant cause of febrile convulsions. In this study upper respiratory tract infection was found to be the triggering illness in 54% of children. Acute gastroenteritis and lower respiratory tract infection contributed 12% each and urinary tract infection contributed 4%. In 16% of children there were no localizing signs associated with fever. Upper respiratory tract infection as the most comment trigger was also reported in studies done by Rantala et al in 1995 and Mahyar et al in 2010. CONCLUSION: This study shows that serum zinc levels are decreased in children with febrile convulsions, thus indicating that zinc deprivation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsions. Zinc has already been recommended by the WHO as a part of management of acute watery diarrhoea.The role of zinc in febrile convulsions should be investigated by further studies and if the results arereproducible zinc supplementation should be extended to other common paediatric conditions like febrile convulsions ,pneumonia etc. However considering the fact that zinc has multiple beneficial roles in the body system, zinc supplementation may still serve as a cost effectivemeasure for prevention of febrile convulsions in the susceptible age group especially in the presence of positive family history." @default.
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• W2938278278 date "2011-04-01" @default.
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• W2938278278 title "A Study of Serum Zinc Levels in Children with Febrile Convulsions in Comparison with Normal and FebrileChildren" @default.
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