Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2938677684> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2938677684 endingPage "47" @default.
- W2938677684 startingPage "35" @default.
- W2938677684 abstract "A number of neurological syndromes have been described in patients with positive serum antibodies (Abs) against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the rate limiting step in the synthesis of GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid). These disorders include: classical stiff-person syndrome and variants, cerebellar ataxia, limbic and extra-limbic encephalitis, nystagmus/oculomotor dysfunction, drug-resistant epilepsy, paraneoplastic stiff-person syndrome and progressive encephalopathy with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM), the latter two are mainly related to amphiphysin and the glycine receptor Abs respectively; but patients may also have positive GAD-Abs. Although observations are consistent with an autoimmune response in these patients and there is evidence of GABAergic dysfunction in some cases; the pathogenic role of GAD-Abs in the nervous system has not been clarified and it is a matter of debate. The diagnosis of these syndromes is based on clinical grounds plus the presence of GAD-Abs in serum and CSF with demonstration of intrathecal secretion. Although some presentations may be negative for GAD-Abs, such as stiff-person syndrome; positive GAD-Abs are required for the diagnosis in patients with cerebellar ataxia, encephalitis, and epilepsy. Immunotherapy is required for most patients. Intravenous immunoglobulins, oral or IV steroids and plasma exchange are considered the first line options, aimed to induce remission, but chronic immunosuppression is usually required. Symptomatic therapy should also be provided, aimed to control muscle spasms, seizures, delirium, etc. Prognosis varies among patients; but it is considered intermediate between that of patients with neurological syndromes associated with neural Abs against membrane antigens and those with onconeural Abs." @default.
- W2938677684 created "2019-04-25" @default.
- W2938677684 creator A5081961369 @default.
- W2938677684 date "2019-07-01" @default.
- W2938677684 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2938677684 title "The neurological syndromes associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies" @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1496641030 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1522690986 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1575068780 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1579797256 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1785671910 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1805113482 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1833226216 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1907691013 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1913960743 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1924718273 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1932818748 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1966536407 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1967344099 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1968726028 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1970925956 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1971610936 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1974446799 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1975713577 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1978674970 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1979007284 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1979645294 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1980397158 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1982051751 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1982449369 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1982880162 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1983883744 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1984098406 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1987159694 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1987279188 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1987913280 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1991617717 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W1994359855 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2001169565 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2001884332 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2002377344 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2003374727 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2005697087 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2006208716 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2006949329 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2008710391 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2011718102 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2011831427 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2013275546 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2013484205 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2015513895 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2017440175 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2019861524 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2020539231 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2022230828 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2022335405 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2027621178 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2027971828 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2028811447 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2030376243 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2033925963 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2034238826 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2036106004 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2038981205 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2041602889 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2042810700 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2044577279 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2045890664 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2046710859 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2047376822 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2049422058 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2050290179 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2050361615 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2050884638 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2051271741 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2054054328 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2054546468 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2055069215 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2056541937 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2056551881 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2057770521 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2057940932 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2064277060 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2065371727 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2069602579 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2071047994 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2071696764 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2073955158 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2075528611 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2076409173 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2077429401 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2077448927 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2078990452 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2081201837 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2081525752 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2082159511 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2084014688 @default.
- W2938677684 cites W2084852735 @default.