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- W2939968985 abstract "Because overarching policy goals are distant and open to interpretation, policy makers yield to cognitive bias by constructing policies around visible elements (salient referents). US wartime policy makers thus defined US goals in Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan first to serve proximate goals; then to serve disjoined tasks; eventually to serve available US (political, economic, and military) resources; and finally to serve a fixed-exit schedule, at which point leaving became the primary objective. In consequence, they exaggerated the benefits of preferred policies, ignored their accompanying costs and requirements, and underappreciated the benefits of available alternatives. These non-rational tendencies, though pervasive in decision-making, become disabling problems in the complex environment of asymmetric conflicts. With their many interdependent parts, these demanding environments confound planning and tax resources. The result was shortsighted, suboptimal policies that failed to live up to ever-diminishing expectations." @default.
- W2939968985 created "2019-04-25" @default.
- W2939968985 creator A5065843118 @default.
- W2939968985 date "2019-04-17" @default.
- W2939968985 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2939968985 title "The US Wars in Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan" @default.
- W2939968985 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190935320.003.0001" @default.
- W2939968985 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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