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• W2941097029 abstract "Pediatric irritability is prevalent and impairing, yet little is known about its pathophysiology and treatment. In this article, we build on our and others' previous work to posit core mechanisms of irritability operating across the brain, behavior, and environment. Specifically, we propose proximal processes that surround the symptomatology of irritability and are potential targets for an exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for irritability that our group has developed. The heart of this model focuses on neurocognitive processes: youth's encoding of nonreward and threat stimuli, which involves prediction error signaling in the brain, and cognitive control in the context of frustration. Alterations in these processes are theorized to be central to chronic, severe irritability. Environmental responses to youth's symptom expression are also examined. Exposure-based CBT for irritability utilizes controlled, in vivo exposure to nonreward and threat stimuli with the aim to engage cognitive control and target top-down regulation of frustration. This intervention integrates selected parent management training techniques to target symptom reinforcement processes. Continued pathophysiological and treatment studies of irritability will not only refine our emerging understanding of the phenotype, but also inform broader questions on the brain and behavioral mechanisms of CBT efficacy. • We propose mechanisms of pediatric irritability across the brain, behavior, and environment. • Key neurocognitive processes include prediction error and cognitive control. • These may be targets for exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for irritability. • Exposure-based CBT for irritability is currently being tested in a clinical trial. • This research may inform understanding of the brain and behavior mechanisms of CBT." @default.
• W2941097029 created "2019-05-03" @default.
• W2941097029 creator A5004959719 @default.
• W2941097029 creator A5009316140 @default.
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• W2941097029 creator A5024266925 @default.
• W2941097029 creator A5066830791 @default.
• W2941097029 creator A5080445433 @default.
• W2941097029 date "2019-07-01" @default.
• W2941097029 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2941097029 title "Exposure therapy for pediatric irritability: Theory and potential mechanisms" @default.
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