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- W2941145286 endingPage "121385" @default.
- W2941145286 startingPage "121385" @default.
- W2941145286 abstract "Nitrogen conversion (N-conversion) mechanism of spirulina (SP) in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was investigated under medium-low temperature (180-280 °C). N-conversion in bio-char, liquid and bio-oil were studied by FTIR, XPS, GC-MS and other analytical methods. Results indicated that the temperature could significantly affect the evolution of nitrogen. At 180-200 °C, the content of protein-N and pyridine-N in bio-char fell 23.01% and 9.51% respectively. In contrast, the contents of inorganic-N and quaternary-N increased by 16.99% and 16% respectively. Protein-N hydrolysis and Maillard reaction produced the key intermediate compounds, including amines, amides and N-heterocyclic compounds during the HTC. At 200-280 °C, the inorganic-N was obviously converted from solid to liquid. With the increased of temperature, it would enhance the polymerization of pyrrole-N and pyridine-N, which could cause the significant increase of aromatic N-heterocyclic compounds (e.g., nitriles and indole derivatives) in bio-oil. A N-conversion mechanism of SP HTC was proposed in this study." @default.
- W2941145286 created "2019-05-03" @default.
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- W2941145286 date "2019-08-01" @default.
- W2941145286 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2941145286 title "Speciation and transformation of nitrogen for spirulina hydrothermal carbonization" @default.
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- W2941145286 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121385" @default.
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