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• W2943254603 abstract "Recently, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via plasmid-mediated conjugation has been reported to be facilitated by a series of contaminants. This has highlighted potential challenges to the effective control of this principal mode of horizontal transfer. In the present study, we found that low levels (<0.02 mgN/L) of free nitrous acid (FNA) remarkably inhibited (over 90%) the conjugative transfer of plasmid RP4, a model broad-host-range plasmid, between Escherichia coli . The antimicrobial role of FNA at the applied dosages was firstly ruled out, since no dramatic reductions in viabilities of donor or recipient were observed. Instead, FNA appeared to reduce the available intracellular free Mg 2+ , which was confirmed to be triggered by the liberation of intracellular Fe 2+ . These alterations in intracellular Mg 2+ and Fe 2+ concentrations were found to significantly limit the available energy for conjugative transfer through suppression of glycolysis by decreasing the activities of glycogen phosphorylase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and also by diverting the glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway via activation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase towards the generation of NADPH rather than ATP. Moreover, RP4-encoding genes responsible for DNA transfer and replication ( traI , traJ and trfAp ), coupling ( traG ) and mating pair formation ( traF and trbBp ) were all significantly down-regulated after FNA treatment, indicating that the transfer apparatus required for plasmid processing and delivery was deactivated. By validating the inhibitory effects of FNA on conjugation in real wastewater, this study highlights a promising method for controlling the dissemination of ARGs in systems such as wastewater treatment plants. • FNA effectively inhibited RP4-mediated conjugative transfer by over 90%. • FAN resulted in the decrease of intracellular Mg 2+ but the increase of intracellular Fe 2+ . • FNA limited energy supply by suppressing glycolysis and activating pentose phosphate pathway. • FNA disabled the transfer apparatus encoded by RP4. • The feasibility of FNA in conjugation inhibition was confirmed in real wastewater." @default.
• W2943254603 created "2019-05-09" @default.
• W2943254603 creator A5028108437 @default.
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• W2943254603 date "2019-07-01" @default.
• W2943254603 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2943254603 title "Low-level free nitrous acid efficiently inhibits the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance by altering intracellular ions and disabling transfer apparatus" @default.
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• W2943254603 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.046" @default.
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