FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2944556830> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2944556830 endingPage "435" @default.
• W2944556830 startingPage "423" @default.
• W2944556830 abstract "Th1 memory is a component of protective immunity against phagosomal infections, but it is not sufficient. Protection via CD4-mediated concomitant immunity is the gold standard of protective immunity against phagosomal infections. Chronic primary infection is required for protection against secondary infection due to the requirement for persistent antigen exposure to maintain protective TEFF cells. Memory T cells may mediate protection against infection only if they generate circulating effector cells prior prior to, not after, challenge. Modeling the low-dose/high-inflammation conditions of physiological vector transmission of Leishmania has implications for the interpretation of vaccine efficacy. The generation of an efficacious vaccine that elicits protective CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity has been elusive. The lack of a vaccine against the Leishmania parasite is particularly perplexing as infected individuals acquire life-long immunity to reinfection. Experimental observations suggest that the relationship between immunological memory and protection against Leishmania is not straightforward and that a new paradigm is required to inform vaccine design. These observations include: (i) induction of Th1 memory is a component of protective immunity, but is not sufficient; (ii) memory T cells may be protective only if they generate circulating effector cells prior to, not after, challenge; and (iii) the low-dose/high-inflammation conditions of physiological vector transmission compromises vaccine efficacy. Understanding the implications of these observations is likely key to efficacious vaccination. The generation of an efficacious vaccine that elicits protective CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity has been elusive. The lack of a vaccine against the Leishmania parasite is particularly perplexing as infected individuals acquire life-long immunity to reinfection. Experimental observations suggest that the relationship between immunological memory and protection against Leishmania is not straightforward and that a new paradigm is required to inform vaccine design. These observations include: (i) induction of Th1 memory is a component of protective immunity, but is not sufficient; (ii) memory T cells may be protective only if they generate circulating effector cells prior to, not after, challenge; and (iii) the low-dose/high-inflammation conditions of physiological vector transmission compromises vaccine efficacy. Understanding the implications of these observations is likely key to efficacious vaccination. in the context of Leishmania, protective immunity at secondary challenge sites that relies on the maintenance of a chronic primary infection. deliberate inoculation of individuals with live, virulent, Leishmania major parasites in aesthetically acceptable locations without the disease-exacerbating factors associated with the sand fly bite. Although it has since fallen out of practice, leishmanization was a traditional practice in hyperendemic Middle Eastern regions in order to prevent disfiguring facial scarring. the infectious form of the Leishmania parasite, which is deposited in mammalian dermis following an infected sand fly bite. It features an elongated flagellum. CD4+ T cells which, while considered mature, have yet to encounter cognate antigen and become activated. TNa cells circulate through secondary lymphoid organs and express CD62L and CCR7, but not CD44. infections which target and manipulate host phagosomes within phagocytic cells to establish survivable niches CD4+ or CD8+ T cells which have recently exited the thymus and entered the periphery. These cells have yet to transition to the mature T cell compartment, from which they are functionally and phenotypically distinct. CD4+ T cells that express CD62L, CD44, and CCR7, and are predominantly found in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. These cells persist in the absence of antigen. These cells have high proliferative capacity but require a period of activation before they can transition into a peripheral homing TEFF phenotype. relatively short-lived CD4+ T cells which are primarily generated by TCM cells and TNa cells in response to infection. TEFF cells express CD44 and Ly6C, but not CD62L. TEFF cells exhibit rapid effector cytokine (such as IFN-γ and TNF-α) production, and are enriched in the blood and at sites of infection. The maintenance of TEFF cells is antigen-dependent. CD4+ T cells which circulate through the periphery, blood, and secondary lymphoid organs. TEM cells express CD44, but not CD62L or Ly6C. These cells are longer lived than TEFF cells in the absence of antigen, but shorter lived than TCM cells, and may produce effector cytokines (such as IFN-γ and TNF-α). T cells which are resident in the tissue and do not recirculate. TRM cells may act independently of the circulating T cell pool to provide rapid immunity and may produce effector molecules (such as IFN-γ and TNF-α). CD8+ TRM cells express CD69 and CD103; however, TRM-defining markers on CD4+ T cells appear to vary between tissue types." @default.
• W2944556830 created "2019-05-16" @default.
• W2944556830 creator A5030631744 @default.
• W2944556830 creator A5053168359 @default.
• W2944556830 date "2019-06-01" @default.
• W2944556830 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2944556830 title "CD4+ T Cell-Mediated Immunity against the Phagosomal Pathogen Leishmania: Implications for Vaccination" @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1490606958 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1538700040 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1638612717 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1809811420 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1880476205 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1938451804 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1972018312 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1975224351 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1984776625 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1990748978 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1993351829 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1993498133 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W1995884950 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2001153614 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2001800445 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2002063813 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2002548381 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2002878904 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2007253465 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2019296702 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2024843006 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2026286437 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2028165539 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2035474364 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2035606041 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2041112864 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2041765961 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2042411369 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2050267572 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2053654309 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2058635567 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2066738380 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2067574799 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2067648924 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2071984833 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2082224040 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2084035178 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2084299658 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2088225713 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2095504500 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2097326265 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2105403778 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2107915297 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2108658278 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2109768640 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2110078092 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2112878014 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2112968886 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2116394003 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2116797415 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2121835123 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2122413738 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2124126957 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2126695956 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2129183958 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2132956923 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2135360970 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2141360780 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2141466698 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2150216599 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2154001185 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2156575228 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2157638040 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2160683781 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2160927866 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2162065053 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2162538566 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2170956456 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2172048345 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2186123618 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2186899930 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2190356007 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2217411574 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2242441917 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2299762035 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2337900869 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2414235983 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2522255974 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2522394565 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2560265676 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2573267280 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2605848547 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2606759677 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2613163210 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2731018572 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2733319564 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2743940108 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2748575259 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2754462257 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2766361715 @default.
• W2944556830 cites W2770977738 @default.

• next