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- W2945227364 endingPage "6168" @default.
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- W2945227364 abstract "Measurements of turnover rates of gas-phase bimolecular ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether (404–438 K) on a suite of hydrophobic and hydrophilic Sn-zeolites (Sn-Beta, Sn-BEC, Sn-MFI) of varying Sn content, together with quantitative titration of active Sn sites by pyridine during catalysis, identify two types of Sn sites with reactivity differing by more than an order of magnitude (>20×). Apparent activation entropies to form bimolecular dehydration transition states from predominantly ethanol monomer-covered sites are less negative (ΔΔSapp⧧ = 48 ± 22 J mol–1 K–1) at the more reactive subset of Sn sites, which are present in amounts equivalent to 17–26% of the Sn sites quantified by the peak centered at 2308 cm–1 in CD3CN IR spectra (Sn2308) but not correlated with that at 2316 cm–1 (Sn2316). Synthetic and postsynthetic treatments to prepare Sn-zeolites containing Sn sites hosted within diverse local coordination environments suggest that Sn2316 sites are not associated with Sn bound to residual fluoride anions or Sn sited at external crystallite surfaces, amorphous domains, or among the diverse T-site locations contained within CHA, MFI, BEC, and STT frameworks. Treating Sn-Beta in HF or NH4F solutions, which dissolve zeolitic domains preferentially at defect grain boundaries, decreased the number of Sn2316 sites but not Sn2308 sites. These data indicate that Sn2316 sites are preferentially located at stacking faults in zeolite Beta, which provide tetrahedral coordination environments for Sn in defect-open configurations ((HO)–Sn–(OSi≡)3) with proximal Si–OH groups that do not permit condensation to tetrahedral closed configurations (Sn–(OSi≡)4). A computational model was developed for stacking fault defect-open Sn sites, which predict apparent activation free energies for bimolecular ethanol dehydration that are 65–74 kJ mol–1 higher (at 404 K) than those at framework-closed Sn sites that are capable of stabilizing transition states via Sn site opening and closing as part of the catalytic cycle, consistent with the lower experimentally measured ethanol dehydration reactivity for Sn2316 sites. In contrast, defect-open sites possess Si–OH groups that preferentially stabilize hydride shift transition states involved in glucose–fructose isomerization catalytic cycles. These findings highlight the ability of a given zeolite framework to confer structural diversity to nominally site-isolated Lewis acid centers, thus generating configurations with distinct reactivity for different chemical transformations." @default.
- W2945227364 created "2019-05-29" @default.
- W2945227364 creator A5014967076 @default.
- W2945227364 creator A5026571515 @default.
- W2945227364 creator A5041107836 @default.
- W2945227364 creator A5062626839 @default.
- W2945227364 creator A5072511676 @default.
- W2945227364 date "2019-05-23" @default.
- W2945227364 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2945227364 title "Distinct Catalytic Reactivity of Sn Substituted in Framework Locations and at Defect Grain Boundaries in Sn-Zeolites" @default.
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