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• W2947999218 abstract "Abstract Stress is one of major factors that cause sleep problems. Hypocretin represents a stress-related neuropeptide and is well known in maintaining physiological wakefulness. The hypocretinergic neurons originate in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and transmit to several brain regions, including the median raphe nuclei (MRNs). The MRNs modulate both fear responses and sleep-wake activity; however, it remains unclear whether stress alters the levels of hypocretin to regulate MRNs and consequently disrupt sleep. In this paper, we employed the inescapable footshock stimuli (IFS) as a stressor and hypothesized that the IFS-induced sleep disruption is mediated by increased hypocretins in the MRNs. Our results demonstrate that the concentrations of hypocretin in the hypothalamus increased after IFS. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was reduced after footshock, and microinjection of non-selective hypocretin receptor antagonist TCS-1102 into the MRNs blocked the IFS-induced decrease of REM sleep. Furthermore, administration of hypocretins into the MRNs mimicked the IFS-induced REM sleep reduction. These results conclude that the increased levels of hypocretins in the MRNs mediate the IFS-induced REM sleep reduction." @default.
• W2947999218 created "2019-06-07" @default.
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• W2947999218 date "2019-06-03" @default.
• W2947999218 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2947999218 title "Hypocretin in median raphe nucleus modulates footshock stimuli-induced REM sleep alteration" @default.
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• W2947999218 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44731-0" @default.
• W2947999218 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6546759" @default.
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• W2947999218 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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