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• W2948261746 abstract "The novel in the modern and specific sense of theword had not yet come into existence at the beginning ofthe eighteenth century. All the factors necessary toproduce it, however, were present at least in a rudimentaryform when the century got under way. The periodicalhad its origin in England at approximately this same timeand was, in considerable measure, the product of the samesocial and intellectual factors that produced the novel.To a curious investigator of complete editions oftwelve of these outstanding eighteenth century periodicals(Tatler, Spectator, Guardian, Rambler, Adventurer, World,Connoisseur, Idler, Mirror, Lounger, Observer, and Looker-On) there comes a distinct surprise at the great varietyand amount of fiction that they contain. Fiction is usedhere in a rather broad sense , for we shall find in thecourse of the investigation that the periodical containsonly the beginnings of what is called fiction today.Characters, stories, allegories, visions , and orientaltales, all go make up a body of entertaining andamusing reading which is somewhere near the border- linebetween the informal essay, on the one hand, and the true fictitious narrative on the other. Instructive , too,the essayists would have us say, for the purpose of mostof their papers was similar that expressed in thededication the Spectator, to expose the false artsof life, pull off the disguises of cunning, vanity andaffectation, and recommend a general simplicity indress, discourse, and behaviour. This didactic purposeis everywhere present; consequently, fiction in the novel,as in the essay, is introduced chiefly attract readerswho Without it would never seek the solid advice and goodmoral preaching that underlies the narrative .The early novelists recognized the possibilities ofthis wholly new and unworked field of matter and methodin the periodical, seized upon the approaches it offered,and made gallant attempts bring the novel into touchwith life. An effort is made in the discussion thatfollows present the contributions of representativeeighteenth century periodicals in revealing sources ofmaterial the first novelists, and in presenting suggestivemethods of developing plot, characterization, andsetting. The allegories, oriental tales, and visions havebeen disregarded entirely, and only the characters andbits of narration, the beginnings of the modern shortstory and novel, are considered .If stress seems be laid on the Tatler and Spectator the undue neglect of other periodicals , it is onlybecause they furnish more abundant material for thisparticular study than their successors , and because, incoming before the creation of the novel , they thereforewere more influential in the formation of its materialsand methods. Discussion of the plots, characters, andpurposes of the periodicals imitative of these twoeighteenth century literary pioneers, is intended themore emphasize what is generally be found in them.Only occasionally do we find an entirely new tendencyestablished, a new theme for a plot, a new charactercreation, or a new purpose voiced after these our originals, the Tatler and the Spectator.That the novel definitely grew out of the periodicalessay with such precision that the traces of its growthcan be shown has long been a commonplace of criticism.Although the debt is recognized, there remains a need foran analytical study of the precise obligation which thenovelist has incurred in material, method, and procedure,to the periodical essay . There has never been, thewriter 's knowledge, any survey of the material containedin this thesis. It is hoped, therefore , that it willconstitute a chapter in the history of eighteenth centuryliterature.The only unpleasant personal association attaching this study grows out of the disparity between intentionand achievement . As I have reread these pages, Iam dismally aware that it is quite perversely unlike thethought which first welled up in my mind. I hope, however,that, within the maze of foot-notes and facts, Ihave not lost the essential spirit of utterance ." @default.
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• W2948261746 date "1934-08-30" @default.
• W2948261746 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2948261746 title "The contribution of the Eighteenth Century periodical to the development of the novel in England" @default.
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