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• W2950589758 abstract "Substituted 2-aminothiophenes are reported to possess various biological activities such as phosphatase PTP1B inhibitors 1 , serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT1A inhibitors 2 , human leukocyte elastase inhibitors 3 and adenosine receptor A3 inhibitors 4 . They are also used as starting materials for the synthesis of dyes, agrochemicals and conducting polymers 5,6 . The most convergent and well-established classical approach for the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes is Gewald’s method, which involves three component condensation of a ketone, aldehyde or β-dicarbonyl compound, an active nitrile and elemental sulfur in the presence of a base 7 . The earlier method has several drawbacks such as long reaction duration, use of unstable starting compounds such as αmercaptoaldehyde or α-mercaptoketone and the need for chromatographic purification after work up. Many modifications of this synthesis have been reported recently, including the use of solid support 8 , Lewis acid catalysis 9 , heterogeneous catalysis 10 and microwave irradiation combined with soluble polymer support 11 . However, many of these methods have limitations such as use of hazardous bases such as morpholine and piperidine, use of toxic and high boiling organic solvents such as 1,4-dioxane and dimethylformamide, high reaction temperatures, long reaction duration, tedious procedure for product isolation, low yields and difficult recovery or complete loss of catalysts during workup. Hence it is relevant to explore a simple, rapid and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of 2-aminothiophene derivatives which could lead to number of thieno-fused heterocycles of medicinal importance. Ionic liquids (ILs) are of current interest as an environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional organic solvents in chemical processes, due to their physicochemical properties such as negligible vapor pressure, excellent thermal stability, good solvating ability, non-flammability and ease of recyclability. Imidazole based ionic liquids such as [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] have been used as catalysts for the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes 12 . However, imidazole-based ILs containing BF4 and PF6 anions are environmentally unsafe as they liberate hazardous HF gas. In addition, their use in industries is limited, mostly due to the expensive cations and anions used in their synthesis. In the current research focusing towards the development of mild, economical and environmentally friendly synthetic protocols, it has been reported previously that hetero-Michael reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, Biginelli reaction under microwave irradiation and Heck reaction can be carried out using cost-effective ionic liquids 13-16 . Recently, use of microwave energy has become popular in organic synthesis in order to improve yields and reduce the reaction time 17-19 . This can be coupled with solvent free reactions or IL mediated reactions, to make the synthesis faster and more environment friendly." @default.
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• W2950589758 date "2012-04-01" @default.
• W2950589758 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2950589758 title "Note Microwave accelerated synthesis of 2- aminothiophenes in ionic liquid via three component Gewald reaction" @default.
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