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• W2950607717 abstract "In this thesis, I look at the political economy ofthe Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act (ULCRA) in Mumbai,India. Enacted in 1976, the stated aim of this legislation was toprevent speculation in the urban land market, and to make landavailable for affordable housing. The legislation imposed aceiling on the amount of vacant land individuals could hold inurban areas. During the years it was in effect (1976-2007), almostall excess vacant land in the Mumbai agglomeration was exemptedunder the Act. Current literature posits that ULCRA failed toachieve its objective because politicians and bureaucrats wereself-motivated rent-seekers, who were not interested in sociallyjust redistribution of urban land. In 2007, using a conditionalintergovernmental transfer scheme, the Central Government forcedthe State Government of Maharashtra to repeal ULCRA. I argue thatcurrent literature offers at best broad generalizations of thereasons ULCRA failed to achieve its objective in Mumbai. Through anin-depth analysis of the working of ULCRA in Mumbai, I show that itwas never implemented as originally intended. Also, I show thatULCRA was frustrated by a number of deficiencies in institutionssuch as the lack of political will to take proactive action,capacity and cohesiveness in the bureaucracy, and amendments inother enabling statutes, to name a few. Seen from this perspective,it is incorrect to assume, as the current national urbandevelopment policy does, that a turn to market-led development inurban land markets will yield better results in deliveringaffording housing for the urban poor. Further, by analyzing thepolitical economy of ULCRA's repeal, I show that under certainconditions, Central Government intervention may be a necessary stepto protect interests of the poor. However, Central Governmentintervention needs to be designed keeping in mind the why and thehow, to ensure that the intervention's does not become deadletter, or redundant. I conclude with the dilemmas developmentplanners are likely to face when designing laws and regulations indeveloping countries that feature a thinly institutionalized state,and a weak democracy." @default.
• W2950607717 created "2019-06-27" @default.
• W2950607717 creator A5015983635 @default.
• W2950607717 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W2950607717 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2950607717 title "Governing urban land : the political economy of theULCRA in Mumbai; Political economy of the ULCRA in Mumbai" @default.
• W2950607717 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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