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- W2950794689 abstract "In comparison with the large variety of ligands which have been described for cation receptors,1-3 the development of selective host molecules for anions is still in its infancy. The ligands for complexation of anions need to have comparatively large cavities, which have so far proved difficult to be synthesized. In addition, as the charge density of anions is low, the electrostatic forces with anions are weaker than those with cations. Selective complexation of anions is more demanding than that of cations in the view of the higher free energies of solvation, the low charge density of anions and the pH dependency of anion complexation.4,5 Anions have a wide variety of geometries6 and comparatively large sizes, which have to be taken into account in the development of selective anion receptors. Reinhoudt and co-workers have reported that a selective complexation of Cl− over Brand I− can be achieved by the neutral urea receptors derived from the lower rim of calix[4]arene7 and that three urea groups at the lower rim of calix[6]arene are well suited for complexation of tricarboxylate.8 Both systems complex anions exclusively through hydrogen bonding. The use of hydrogen bonding as sole interaction for the binding of anions implies that recognition is most pronounced in non-competitive solvents. The advantage of using hydrogen bond is that a hydrogen bond is highly directional in character. Correct orientation of the hydrogen bond donors and/or acceptors can provide selective anion recognition. The urea moiety is a powerful hydrogen bond donor as was recently shown by Hamilton et al.9 in the complexation of dicarboxylate anion. Recently we showed that the two urea units at the lower rim of calix[6]arene exhibits selectivity preference for Cl− over H2PO4− > Br− > CH3CO2− > HSO4−.10 In order to develop the selective anion receptors, here we report the synthesis and complexation behavior of calix[4]arene based anion receptors 4a, 4b, 5a, and 5b. The binding study was conducted with proton NMR titration with the various anions such as F−, Cl−, Br−, CH3CO2−, and H2PO4−." @default.
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- W2950794689 date "1999-01-01" @default.
- W2950794689 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2950794689 title "Urea Derivatives of p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes: Anion Selective Neutral Receptors" @default.
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