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• W2952540332 abstract "Madagascar is an Archean to Neoproterozoic continental crust surrounded by transform,oblique and divergent margins: the oblique Morondava Basin to the west, pounded by theDavie Fracture Zone, and to the north, the divergent Mahajanga (Majunga) Basin connected tothe Somali Oceanic Basin. This 1600 km long island is a high axial plateau with elevations rangingfrom 1200 to 1800m. The top of the plateau corresponds to weathered planation surfaces(etchplains), bounded by more or less high scarps.We here present geological arguments for the age and the timing of the Madagascar Plateau.This analysis is based on a double, coupled analysis of the onshore geomorphology (steppedplanation surfaces) and the offshore margin stratigraphy (seismic stratigraphy and wells).The geomorphological analysis is based on a characterization, a mapping and dating of steppedplanation surfaces (mantled to stripped etchplains, pediments to pediplains). The datingis based on their geometrical relationships with dated magmatic rocks. The difference of elevationbetween two planation surfaces (corresponding to local base level) providing a proxyof the uplift. The sequence stratigraphic and seismic analysis is based on a biostratigraphicreevaluation of 4 industrial wells (foraminifers and nannofossils on cuttings), several hundredsof kilometers of industrial and oceanographic research seismic surveys. Uplift periods are characterizedby (1) seaward tilting of the margins overlain by planar reflectors, (2) forced regressionwedges, (3) upstream erosions of older sediments recorded by fauna/flora reworking and(4) major paleogeographic changes within the Morondava basin.(1) During Middle Cretaceous (99 to 85 Ma), Madagascar undergoes a major volcanic eventwith the onset of the Madagascar Trap, contemporaneous to Madagascar-India separation.The major mid Cretaceous erosion surface is described onshore as the result of a pre tosyn-trap Uplift.(2) During Paleocene to Lower Miocene times (66 to 20 Ma), Madagascar is a quite flat lowelevation domain with remnants of an oldest pre-Madagascar Trap (90 Ma) surface. This low relief is highly weathered with growth of numerous lateritic profiles and surrounded bylarge carbonate platforms with no siliciclastic sand influx.(3) The Late Miocene is the paroxysm of uplift with (1) a tilting of the margin (Morondova), (2)an increase of the siliciclastic sand flux since middle Miocene and (3) a major stepping ofdated planation surfaces.(4) The end result of this uplift is a convex up shape pattern for the end Cretaceous surfaceweathered during Eocene times, creating the present-day dome morphology (with a centralplateau) of Madagascar.(5) The amplitude of this uplift can be estimated based on the present-day elevation of LateEocene lagoonal sediments located 100 km north-east of Toliara and now at an elevation of900m. If the absolute sea level was around 50 m (Miller et al., 2005) above present-day sealevel during Late Eocene times, this means a surface uplift of around 850 m.(6) The mechanism of this uplift has to explain a very long wavelength deformation (x1000 km)necessary due to mantle dynamics. The relationships with the other East African domes(Ethiopia, East Africa, South Africa) are discussed.This study was funded by TOTAL and IFREMER in the frame of the research project PAMELA (PassiveMargin Exploration Laboratories)." @default.
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• W2952540332 date "2016-11-30" @default.
• W2952540332 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2952540332 title "OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE EVIDENCE FORA POLYPHASED UPLIFT HISTORY AND UPPER MIOCENE DOMINGOF MADAGASCAR" @default.
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