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• W295289325 abstract "BULGARIA'S SEARCH for alternatives to those security ties lost with the dissolution of Soviet hegemony led naturally to Europe. Bulgarian nationalists claim thirteen centuries' seniority in the European family, and the Communist government had long sought legitimacy and economic advantage in ties with the West. After 1989, the appeal of a safe mooring to Europe became ever stronger, as new Bulgarian leaders strove to build a modern economy and democratic society and to secure Bulgaria's place in the world. At the same time Western Europeans were compelled to reach out toward the east. They too saw peril succeeding the accustomed bipolar order that had permitted the existence of two Europes side by side in isolation for more than four decades. Firm borders no longer confined the unresolved national, religious, economic, and social problems left over in Eastern Europe from the turbulent twentieth century. Some Eastern countries held out greater hope of stability and progress, however, and Bulgaria strove to rank among them in Western Europeans' estimation. Bulgaria's new government expanded the agenda with Europe beyond traditional aims and sought, in addition, security guarantees, financial and technical assistance for establishing market economies, and support for its fledgling democratic institutions. Bulgaria also sought the West's assistance in dealing with age-old Balkan conflicts which, unleashed, threatened once again to overwhelm it. The Europe Option Europe fit the bill. With the European Community, the Council of Europe, the Organization of Economically Developed Countries, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and many other specialized regional organizations, Europe constituted a community with a set of institutions that had passed the test of time. Arising from post-war reconstruction, these institutions comprised an integrated framework that permitted its resurgent societies to compose their conflicts in a way Eastern Europe, under the retarding influence of Soviet domination, had not been able to do. There was a clear and recognizable order of Western Europe that contrasted sharply with the chaos of the East. The West, and its institutions, had clearly won the great competition. With the walls gone, there appeared also a new community of interests. The West's long-standing challenge to the East--that freedom would bring prosperity and order--had been answered. The new Eastern Europe now needed moral support, credits, technology, and security assistance to make good on its response. The West needed peace and stability established in the East to avert turmoil that could directly affect its own security, as foreshadowed by the recurrent refugee crises from 1989 onward. Cooperation aiming at a larger, still undefined concept of a more unified Europe was needed. The new Eastern governments had to pursue programs of democratization to institutionalize their new freedom, and to overcome the obstacles to effective cooperation with the West created by decades of administrative rule and command economies. In turn, the Western countries found it expedient to assist those internal processes to facilitate interchange, and to forestall the disorder that had in the past accompanied the collapse of empires. As the Eastern economies lapsed into deep recession, the West was generous with humanitarian aid, but also did not lag with longer term economic and political assistance. This logic of relations between emergent Eastern Europe, generally, and the West applied nowhere with greater force than in the development of relations between Western Europe and the new Bulgarian government. In addition to the overall problems of transition it shared with other former Warsaw Pact countries, the new government in Bulgaria found that country in the midst of a severe internal ethnic minority crisis as well as facing major crises in relations with neighboring countries. …" @default.
• W295289325 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W295289325 date "1993-02-01" @default.
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• W295289325 title "III. Bulgaria Turns toward Europe" @default.
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