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• W2956172893 abstract "During mitosis, human chromosomes are linearly compacted about 1000-fold by loop-extruding motors. Recent experiments have shown that condensins extrude DNA loops but in a “one-sided” manner. This contrasts with existing models, which predict that symmetric, “two-sided” loop extrusion accounts for mitotic chromosome compaction. We explore whether one-sided extrusion, as it is currently seen in experiments, can compact chromosomes by developing a mean-field theoretical model for polymer compaction by motors that actively extrude loops and dynamically turnover. The model establishes a stringent upper bound of only about tenfold for compaction by strictly one-sided extrusion. We confirm this result with stochastic simulations. Thus, strictly one-sided extrusion as it has been observed so far cannot be the sole mechanism of chromosome compaction. However, as shown by the model, other two-sided or effectively two-sided mechanisms can achieve sufficient compaction.Received 4 December 2018Revised 18 February 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031007Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasMitosisPhysical SystemsChromatinChromosomesDNAMotor proteinsInterdisciplinary PhysicsBiological PhysicsPolymers & Soft MatterStatistical Physics" @default.
• W2956172893 created "2019-07-23" @default.
• W2956172893 creator A5017406892 @default.
• W2956172893 creator A5044634159 @default.
• W2956172893 date "2019-07-11" @default.
• W2956172893 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2956172893 title "Limits of Chromosome Compaction by Loop-Extruding Motors" @default.
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• W2956172893 doi "https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.9.031007" @default.
• W2956172893 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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