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• W296115449 abstract "ABSTRACT.The purpose of this paper is to explore criminal conversations as set against the background of Medieval Western Europe. During the early Middle Ages, as most noble marriages were little more than business contracts, love had begun to be seen in a very different way: sometimes as a cult with all the trappings of religion, sometimes as a sinful occupation best expunged from the human system, and sometimes as a romantic experience which foreshadows the ideas of the 18th and 19th centuries.Keywords: criminal conversation, rules, rituals, marriage1. IntroductionThe concept of criminal conversation sugar-couched in the terms of Courtly Love developed among the aristocratic classes of Western Europe, during the late 1 1th century. Courtly Love1 is a strange movement of the 12th century Troubadours who made a virtue of love outside the bounds of marriage and raised the service of lover to beloved to an almost religious fervor. In courtly love, a man passionately devoted himself to a woman who was married or engaged to another man. Courtly love required adherence to certain rules, elaborated in the songs of the Troubadours. According to these conventions, a nobleman, usually a knight in love with a married woman of equally high birth, or, often higher rank, had to prove his devotion by heroic deeds and amorous writings presented anonymously to his beloved. Once the lovers had pledged themselves to each others and consummated their passion, complete secrecy had to be maintained, As most noble marriages in the Middle Ages were little more than business contracts, Courtly Love was a form of sanctioned criminal conversation because it threatened neither the contract nor the religious sacrament of marriage. The fact of the matter is, faithlessness of the lovers toward each other was considered more sinthl than the adultery of this extramarital relationship. Therefore, we can speak of a religious code, a new attitude to women, who were no longer seen as chaff els to be bought and sold on the matrimonial market place of feudal Europe, but as potential goddesses all.In the legends, Arthur is more than simply a warrior king: he is the symbol and perfect expression of a world of chivalry that is also a world governed by the principles of courtly behavior that new ideology imported from the South of France by the Titubadours who accompanied Eleanor of Aquitaine on the occasion of her two successive marriages. The basic rules of courtly behavior differ little from Christian precepts:2 a knight must place himself in the service of the widow and the orphan; he must behave honorably at all times, respecting the rights of the individual and, where necessary, ensuring that these rights are respected by others. But the principal emphasis of courtly behavior relates to the conduct to be observed vis-a-vis ladies and young women. If Gawain's inveterate tendency to flirt with every young woman he meets constitutes a reprehensible attitude in the eyes of the Church, the principles of fin'amor, `serious' courtly love, are downright scandalous, since this perfect love is necessarily adulterous, and the lover is nevertheless obliged to submit entirely to the whims of his lady. Fin `amor placed the woman in a superior position with regard to her lover, who received her love only in exchange for total devotion.From the outset King Arthur is presented as married, in accordance with the traditional image of the good sovereign. Queen Guinevere is probably an adaptation of the mythical figure of Sovereignty, a fact that explains her tendency to be abducted by every pretender to the throne. While Queen Guinevere plays different roles in the different versions of the legend, we can spy the very beginning of Courtly love in the early works, namely in, Geoffrey of Momnouth's Historia regum Britanniae, Lawman, Brut, The Vulgate, The Alliterative Poem Morte Arthure.In the romances, however, Guinevere undergoes a change of image. …" @default.
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• W296115449 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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• W296115449 title "LEGAL LANGUAGE AND CRIMINAL CONVERSATION IN MEDIEVAL SOCIETY AND LEGENDS" @default.
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