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• W296768464 abstract "RECENTLY, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF RICHARD SJOERDSMA sent me an email asking if I had read an article in Newsweek called Creativity in America (July 19, 2010) and wondering if creativity might be a good topic for this column. I quickly responded offering an opinion that, indeed, I had noticed deterioration in creativity of my students. Over next several days, I spent a number of hours contemplating topic and wondering if my initial response about deterioration of creativity had been premature and uninformed. As I gathered information and a copy of Newsweek article, I started making notes. Furthermore, I decided not to read article until I had time to complete my other research and to pose other questions so that this one article would not influence me unduly. As I pondered question, it soon became obvious that I needed to consider carefully meaning of word creativity. Is it possible that people's definitions of creativity vary widely? Is it possible that definition of creativity differs generationally or situationally? I discovered that there are diverse definitions of creativity. Scientist H. H. Fox said that creativity is any thinking process in which original patterns are formed and expressed, while psychologist and writer Carl Rodgers said that it is the emergence of a novel, relational product, growing out of uniqueness of individual. Newsweek article stated that, The accepted definition of creativity is production of something original and useful.1 And from where does one draw creativity? There seem to be many creative answers to this question! Artist Pablo Picasso said, Every act of creation is first of all an act of destruction. Professor of Psychology Frank Barron said, The creative person is both more primitive and more cultivated, more destructive, a lot madder and a lot saner, than average person. Newsweek says, To be creative requires divergent thinking (generating many unique ideas) and then convergent thinking (combining those ideas into best result). information contained in Newsweek article references lifelong work of Professor E. Paul Torrance, who, in 1958, gathered a group of 400 children to complete creativity tasks that he had created. Kyung Hee Kim at College of William and Mary has analyzed about 300,000 Torrance tests that have been given since then and noted in May 2010 that while creativity scores had risen until 1990, they have begun to fall since then.2 Since article gives little information about nature of testing tool, I did some research. While article says, Nobody would argue that Torrance's tasks, which have become gold standard in creativity assessment, measure creativity perfectly,3 my research did yield sources that question efficacy of test. In a paper presented at annual conference of California Educational Research Association in 1971, authors Oon-Chye Yeoh and Robert G. Bridgham, while not advocating elimination of Torrance testing, contend that the Torrance scores reveal nothing interesting about individual, and that the major question still unanswered is when, if ever, it makes sense to use a score from Torrance battery.4 Dr. Torrance's colleague, Dr. Alan S. Kaufman writes: Torrance did not design his tests for use to which they are most commonly put these days-identification of students for gifted/talented programs.5 His primary goals in developing these tests were to help us better understand human mind and its functioning; to find ways to better individualize instruction, including remedial and psychotherapeutic interventions; to evaluate effectiveness of educational programs; and to become more sensitive to latent potential in people.6 So why did analysis done by Ms. Kim in May 2010 show a decrease in creativity? Newsweek article makes logical suggestions such as a possible correlation between rise in time in front of television and video games with decline of creativity. …" @default.
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• W296768464 date "2011-05-01" @default.
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• W296768464 title "Creating Creative Students" @default.
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