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- W296822700 abstract "the end of the 60s a new era was ushered in for black men. The 70s witnessed the bourgeoning of black nationalism with its attendant elevation of the black male to his rightful and historical role as head of the black family and community. Instead, the 70s proved to be a decade where women, mostly white, a few black, gained ascendency. As it was, the decade's flowering of black manhood turned into a withering away of what little supremacy they had and consigned many black men into a prison of their gender. While the changes that occurred in the 70s impacted on all black people, there are forces that differentially affect the male segment. The dominant force is the masculine mystique that infects black men and its interface with institutional racism. Institutional racism and its machinations shape the expression of black masculinity. Yet, it is incumbent upon us to examine our notions of manhood and how that subjective definition fits into the objective consequences that black men encounter in American society. As with most aspects of human behavior, it begins with the socialization process. If we consider the male children of today, a majority will be raised in female headed households. The reasons for the father's absence range from the existence of welfare regulations that force the father out of the home, a man's inability to secure gainful employment to support his family, tensions in the male/female relationship, and the fact that a majority of black children are born out of wedlock. This latter reason represents one of the most basic contradictions of black masculinity. It is the urge the prove one's manhood through sexual adventures and the society's barriers to fulfillment pf the masculine ideal. The young black male proves his manhood by siring a child but American society denies him the economic resources to support that child. Perforce, most of our male children are raised by their mothers in today's society. We have been told that such children cannot adequately learn to be men. Alas, that is not the problem. They learn to be men all too well. Their mothers socialize them well into the masculine role as do surrogate male role models in their midst. Not only do their mothers train them for a masculine ideal but they provide them with a deference that they come to expect in later life. In other words, they are all too often given a mother's unmitigated love but denied a father's firm discipline and unquestioned authority. The result is too many men who fail to take on the responsibility that manhood entails. Let us be clear that blame for the alleged failures of black men is not being shifted to the women who raise them. There is culpability enough in all sectors of the society. Unraveling the complexities of how black men came to be what they are is pAGE 2 THE BLACK SCHOLAR MAY/JUNE 1981" @default.
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- W296822700 date "1981-05-01" @default.
- W296822700 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W296822700 title "Black Manhood in the 1970s: A Critical Look Back" @default.
- W296822700 cites W2010695531 @default.
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- W296822700 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/00064246.1981.11414178" @default.
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