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- W2968659947 abstract "3214 There is growing evidence that early environmental exposures may be related to risk of breast cancer. We had identified previously geographic clustering of residences in early life, especially at birth, in relation to breast cancer risk. Because women with glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotypes may be more sensitive to environmental insults, we report here on clustering by GST genotype. Further, we examined whether there were differences by estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) status. We conducted a population-based case control study of incident, primary, histologically-confirmed breast cancer with controls frequency matched to cases on age, race and county of residence (the WEB study). All participants provided lifetime residential histories; we report here on place of birth. ER and PR status were obtained from medical records, and GST genotype was determined by PCR and agarose gel resolution. Geographic differences in clustering of breast cancer cases and controls were examined by the k-function method, a test for general tendency of spatial clustering, in groups stratified by GST genotype and by ER and PR status. We found evidence that breast cancer cases with GSTM1 null genotype were more clustered than controls, while there was no such evidence among GSTM1 wild genotype. However, there was no indication that cases with GSTM1 null genotype were more clustered when compared to cases with the wild genotype. We also observed a tendency to clustering among those with ER+ tumors relative to controls, but not among other groups defined by either ER or PR status. Clustering of women with GSTM1 null genotype may indicate that breast cancer cases with GSTM1 null genotype are more likely to share common environmental exposures at place of birth, but not necessarily congregated in a specific geographic area, and that such genetic susceptibility to early environmental exposure may play a role in subsequent risk of breast cancer. The tendency for clustering of ER positive tumors may also indicate that there are effects of common exogenous exposures related to place of birth among ER positive tumors. These findings are provocative in providing an indication that exogenous exposures at the time of birth may affect breast cancer risk." @default.
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- W2968659947 date "2005-05-01" @default.
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- W2968659947 title "Geographic differences in breast cancer cases and controls by genetic and biological characteristics: explaining clustering of breast cancer at place of birth" @default.
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