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• W2968752508 abstract "Abstract Responses to ambiguous and aversive stimuli (e.g. via tests of judgment bias and measures of startle amplitude) can indicate mammals’ affective states. We hypothesised that such findings generalize to birds, and that these two responses co-vary (since both involve stimulus evaluation). To validate startle reflexes (involuntary responses to sudden aversive stimuli) and responses in a judgment bias task as indicators of avian affective state, we differentially housed hens with or without preferred enrichments assumed to improve mood (in a crossover design). To control for personality, we first measured hens’ baseline exploration levels. To infer judgment bias, control and enriched hens were trained to discriminate between white and dark grey cues (associated with reward and punishment, respectively), and then probed with intermediate shades of grey. For startle reflexes, forceplates assessed responses to a light flash. Judgment bias was only partially validated: Exploratory hens showed more ‘optimism’ when enriched, but Non-exploratory hens did not. Across all birds, however, startle amplitudes were dramatically reduced by enrichment (albeit more strongly in Exploratory subjects): the first evidence that avian startle is affectively modulated. Startle and judgment biases did not co-vary, suggesting different underlying mechanisms. Of the two measures, startle reflexes thus seem most sensitive to avian affective state." @default.
• W2968752508 created "2019-08-22" @default.
• W2968752508 creator A5011452904 @default.
• W2968752508 creator A5015761783 @default.
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• W2968752508 creator A5074339633 @default.
• W2968752508 creator A5077755529 @default.
• W2968752508 date "2019-08-15" @default.
• W2968752508 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2968752508 title "Welfare-improving enrichments greatly reduce hens’ startle responses, despite little change in judgment bias" @default.
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• W2968752508 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48351-6" @default.
• W2968752508 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6695442" @default.
• W2968752508 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31417122" @default.
• W2968752508 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
• W2968752508 type Work @default.
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• W2968752508 hasAuthorship W2968752508A5011452904 @default.
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• W2968752508 hasAuthorship W2968752508A5024850130 @default.

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