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- W2969492008 abstract "Abstract Calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) were postulated long before receptor cDNA clones became available in the 1990s and definitively identified this molecule as a G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily member and a member of subfamily C. Unsuspected was the CaSR's moderate homology with metabotropic glutamate, type B gamma aminobutyric acid receptors, and taste and pheromone receptors. Rapid progress was made with molecular probes in hand in identifying this essential sensing and signaling molecule as the basis for human disorders of extracellular calcium sensing—namely familial hypocalcemia hypercalcemia, neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism, and autosomal dominant hypocalcemia—and as playing a role in the more common form of hyperparathyroidism accompanying renal failure and in primary hyperparathyroidism due to adenomas or hyperplasia. Rapidly, lead compounds were studied in human clinical trials and became key compounds in the treatment of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid cancer, and primary hyperparathyroidism. A large body of evidence accumulated in subsequent years showing that the CaSR plays essential modulatory roles in both calciotropic and noncalciotropic actions in vivo. Many of these key tissues and the roles of CaSRs and their signaling pathways are described in this chapter. It has become clear that CaSRs are important not only in controlling parathyroid hormone secretion and renal calcium excretion but also in skeletal homeostasis, cancer, epidermal differentiation, and lactation, to name just a few functions. Therapeutics targeted to the unique receptor-coupled signaling pathways in these divergent cell systems are a goal for further research and potential drug development." @default.
- W2969492008 created "2019-08-29" @default.
- W2969492008 creator A5009687689 @default.
- W2969492008 creator A5014707324 @default.
- W2969492008 creator A5059974976 @default.
- W2969492008 date "2020-01-01" @default.
- W2969492008 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2969492008 title "Biology of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor" @default.
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