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- W2970344508 abstract "Although radical institutional reforms that redistribute wealth usually involve violence, peacefultransformations are not unknown. This paper explores the conditions under which fundamentalrights expand without major resistance. The empirical context is the start of the Ottomanmodernization drive, which is typically attributed to visionary officials and pressures they facedfrom foreign powers. Fundamental roles were played, we show, by prior shifts in wealth towardindigenous Christians and away from conservative groups, including Muslim clerics. These shifts,all under way in the 1700s, motivated Ottoman political leaders to begin, with the Gulhane Edictof 1839, to dismantle traditional institutions grounded in Islamic law and imperial customs ofgovernance. Despite its far-reaching provisions, the edict generated only minor pushback, becauseit addressed widespread and chronic grievances, legitimated ongoing trends, and offered Muslimpolitical elites, who had been losing ground, opportunities to catch up with rapidly prospering localChristians. The data, which come from Istanbul’s Islamic courts, point to changes in the sectarianwealth distribution, as measured by the founding of waqfs (Islamic trusts) and ownership ofequities known as gediks. Evolving differences in sectarian economic opportunities and outcomesallow the tracking of changes in political preferences in a context where records of parliamentaryvotes and shareholder instructions are nonexistent." @default.
- W2970344508 created "2019-09-05" @default.
- W2970344508 creator A5030011952 @default.
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- W2970344508 date "2019-01-01" @default.
- W2970344508 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2970344508 title "Economic Harbingers of Political Modernization: Peaceful Explosion of Rights in Ottoman Istanbul" @default.
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- W2970344508 doi "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3434656" @default.
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