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• W2971970584 abstract "The catalyst addition in bioalcohol production from palm based source is driven bythe low yield of bioalcohol produced. The ideal objective of this project is to integratebioalcohol and biodiesel production as to reduce the production cost. However, currentbioalcohol and biodiesel that are being produced in a different chemical plant due to its lowand uncertainty yield. This project is meant to obtain high yield of bioalcohol. The bioalcoholproduced is through partial saponification process of ester. Palm kernel oil is used as rawmaterial due to its abundance in Malaysia. Three experiments have been carried out. The firstexperiment is to produce bioalcohol without the presence of catalyst and the secondexperiment is to produce bioalcohol with presence of sodium methoxide as catalyst. Next isthe third experiment, whereby calcium methoxide is used as base and catalyst to producebioalcohol. The bioalcohol products are sent to gas chromatography to be analyzed. As forexperiment 1, the concentration of biomethanol 0.0027M while the concentration ofbioethanol is 0.026. Besides, the volume of biomethanol is 4.58m1 and bioethanol is 4.41ml.In experiment 2, as catalyst 0.05 and 0. lwt% sodium methoxide by weight of oil is added inthe experiment, the concentration of biomethanol and bioethanol increase to 0.1247M and0.0028M respectively. The volume and yield of biomethanol also increase as the amount ofcatalyst increases. The volume and yield of biomethanol after putting 0. lwt% of sodiummethoxide are 47m1 and 12% respectively. However, the volume and yield of bioethanoldecrease as the amount of catalyst sodium methoxide increases. The volume and yield ofbioethanol after putting 0. lwt% sodium methoxide are decrease to 1.09m1 and 0.0098%correspondingly. This is due to the methoxide ion that exhibits more biomethanol rather thanbioethanol. Thus, the production of biomethanol is favoured. The optimum amount of sodiummethoxide is 0. lwt% by weight of oil. Starting from 0.3wt% of sodium methoxide, thereaction formed high yield of soap and less yield of bioalcohol. This had cause the reactedproduct unable to be distillate using rotary evaporator. As for experiment 3, biomethanolproduced also increases as calcium methoxide amount increases, while bioethanol yield isoptimized at 0. lwt% of calcium methoxide. The biomethanol rises from calcium methoxideare slower as compared to sodium methoxide usage. Experiment 2 and 3 are known asautocatalytic reaction whereby the product itself is the catalyst for that reaction. In thediscussion part, the increment of bioalcohol, the yield of bioalcohol and the bioalcoholamount that should be produced by sodium methoxide and calcium methoxide are discussed.As conclusion, bioalcohol production by using sodium methoxide is favoured over calciummethoxide as it gives high yield and fewer amounts needed. For recommendations, thecalcium methoxide concentration needs to be varied to see its effect upon bioalcohol yield.Use of high temperature rotary evaporator is needed to observe the production of propanoland butanol, wherebypropanol and butanol will be distillated more at high temperature" @default.
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• W2971970584 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W2971970584 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2971970584 title "Effect of Different Base and Different Catalyst in the Bioalcohol Production from Palm Kernel oil" @default.
• W2971970584 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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