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• W297427887 abstract "ICT, therefore, has a critical role to play as an enabler of socio- economic development, as well as providing a pivotal support for effective governance of the political system. It also plays an important role to enterprise de-velopment. The contributions of ICTs to business devel-opment have been pervasive to the extent that it is be-coming increasingly difficult for companies to compete effectively in the world market without adequate ICT infrastructures. The reason is that ICTs are revolutionis-ing every activity in the global market, as the various components of ICTs have their significant roles in facili-tating business promotion, efficiency and growth. The Internet, for example, has provided the platform for the development of electronic commerce (e-commerce) and offers potential for establishing low cost, open and ‘many to many’ trading systems (Humphrey et al, 2003). According to Labbe (2006) the Internet has become the global channel of unmatched scope for communication between people and between businesses, and at the moment, with over 80 million websites and over a billion internet users. Therefore, this provides an important medium for increased competition among businesses. Again business processes such as ordering, transaction, delivery, inventory control and accounting can be streamlined and connected regardless of location through the use of network of computers (UNCTAD, 2005). The same UNCTAD report argues further that the Internet has the potential of improving customer-management relationship and enable firms to customize their services to meet the needs of their different cli-ents. The customized service, according to the UNCTAD report will allow companies to respond to their custom-ers in real time and thereby improving customer confi-dence. It also helps in monitoring customers prefer-ences and lead to developing targeted marketing strate-gies. Invariably, the computer-mediated networks will allow these activities to be carried out quickly and effi-ciently, and contribute to efficiency in the operations of businesses. Further, computers supported by various types of busi-ness software can enhance information and knowledge management within a firm and result in an evolvement of better business processes and performance (OECD, 2004). The use of e-mail system and the Internet can support business communication within the context of business to customers (B2C) or business to business (B2B). Invariably transaction costs may be reduced, re-sult in increased transaction speed and reliability. Abstract Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have assumed central position in the development agenda of most countries due to their critical roles in facilitating socio-economic development. Their contribu-tions to enterprise development have been recognised and international organisations have called on develop-ing countries including Ghana to develop policies that will integrate ICTs into enterprise development. Ghana has developed a national policy on ICTs which is trans-form Ghana into a middle income, information-rich, knowledge-based and technology driven economy and society. In Ghana SMEs dominate the industrial landscape and they exhibit great potential in accelerating economic development which will lead to wealth creating and pov-erty reduction. It is therefore important to examine how ICTs have been adopted and used by these enterprises in the country to facilitate their economic activities. This paper analyses of survey results on access and usage of ICT facilities and services by SMEs in the country. It is argued in this paper that the utilisation of ICT ser-vices is underpinned by commercial considerations such as cost of investment and the potential returns on busi-ness activities. However, one cannot discount the impor-tance of literacy in the use of knowledge-intensive ser-vice as internet, but commercial considerations are strong. Key words: ICT, SME, development, enterprise 1 Introduction In the past, most political and development planners classified information and communication technology (ICT) as a luxury service, and therefore, ICT did not fea-ture prominently in the national strategies for socio-economic development. However, in the contemporary world, ICTs are increasing seen as key elements for de-velopment. The contributions of ICTs to general eco-nomic development are varied, but the key ones include:" @default.
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• W297427887 title "Trends in ICT usage by small and medium scale enterprises in Ghana" @default.
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