Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2977503453> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2977503453 endingPage "119299" @default.
- W2977503453 startingPage "119299" @default.
- W2977503453 abstract "Knowledge on hydrothermal tungsten (W) species is vital towards a better understanding of tungsten transport and mineralization mechanisms. In this study, in situ Raman spectra of a 0.005 – 0.1 mol/kg (m) K2WO4 solution containing CO2, HCl, and NaHCO3 were collected at 50–400 °C and 20–60 MPa. The spectra for the symmetric stretching vibration mode of the WO bond, v1(WO), were analyzed to investigate the hydrothermal tungstate species. Results showed that carbonate/bicarbonate do not associate with tungstate to form carbonic tungstate species. Nevertheless, the presence of CO2 can increase the fluid acidity, which favors the formation of polymeric tungstate species at <300 °C. Above about 300 °C, monomeric tungstates (e.g., WO42-, HWO4-, H2WO4 and alkali tungstate ion pairs) are responsible for the hydrothermal transport of tungsten, and the v1(WO) modes of these species are centered at ∼930 cm-1 and 950 cm-1. Based on the above observations, we simulated the mineralization process in the context of fluid-rock interactions using tungstate and alkali tungstate ion pairs as the only aqueous W species. The thermodynamic simulations showed that (a) the timing of mineralization mainly depends on the W concentration in the initial mineralizing fluid and the availability of Ca2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+, with higher W concentrations generally favoring higher temperature mineralization; (b) highly W-enriched fluid is not essential for W mineralization, while extremely low contents of Fe, Mn and Ca in the magma are useful to maintain the mobility of aqueous W until favorable host rocks are encountered; and (c) a “hydrogen reservoir” effect was identified for dissolved CO2. The presence of CO2 can promote the extraction of Fe(II) from the pelitic host rocks, thereby facilitating a high-grade vein-type W mineralization. At <∼300 °C, polytungstate species, whose v1(WO) modes are centered at ∼965 – 995 cm-1, are important hydrothermal W species along with monomeric tungstates. Therefore, polymeric tungstate species should be considered in future thermodynamic modeling of W transport and mineralization at <300 °C. An increase in fluid pH induced by CO2-escape and/or fluid-rock interactions will destabilize the polymeric tungstates to form WO42- and other monomeric tungstate, which interacts with metal cations to form wolframite and/or scheelite." @default.
- W2977503453 created "2019-10-10" @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5003572460 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5030917482 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5037390826 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5038754895 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5041513523 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5073741804 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5074729117 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5088124868 @default.
- W2977503453 creator A5091395609 @default.
- W2977503453 date "2020-01-01" @default.
- W2977503453 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2977503453 title "In situ Raman spectroscopic investigation of the hydrothermal speciation of tungsten: Implications for the ore-forming process" @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1505324022 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1530415756 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1580678564 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1964465140 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1965805242 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1971975787 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1974336211 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1975545374 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1979418505 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1985124725 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1985480593 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1986934005 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1992886247 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1994155681 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W1995813503 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2007313494 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2009592315 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2011140750 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2015452178 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2020037971 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2020952815 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2022653010 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2024751995 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2025334783 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2039323682 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2047683885 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2048638766 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2053944480 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2054310315 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2054489874 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2056275411 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2062113626 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2065940550 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2068679061 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2074589974 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2082900480 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2084601328 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2086213893 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2091312480 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2093740880 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2093975263 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2095082715 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2095199328 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2102012986 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2109567412 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2111210946 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2120959171 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2124318340 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2136771286 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2145826681 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2152328736 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2159952574 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2160264322 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2167795033 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2171671696 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2181312688 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2295110102 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2321743979 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2344156834 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2535653206 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2556340912 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2565253666 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2578013650 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2604772287 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W261267766 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2613770059 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2615078894 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2770444383 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2771052613 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2789941643 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2793309746 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2793908205 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2797615508 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2888234021 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2904950395 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W2949862296 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W3144601902 @default.
- W2977503453 cites W41294144 @default.
- W2977503453 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119299" @default.
- W2977503453 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
- W2977503453 type Work @default.
- W2977503453 sameAs 2977503453 @default.
- W2977503453 citedByCount "34" @default.
- W2977503453 countsByYear W29775034532020 @default.