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• W297796339 abstract "A theory for the mechanism of enzymic repair of DNA containing ultraviolet (UV) photoproducts in UV-irradiated bacteria was proposed in 1964 (1, 2). Subsequent experiments have lent further support to this theory and have provided evidence that it may be applicable to the enzymic repair of products formed in DNA by a number of different mutagens, including alkylating agents and X-rays. It has also been shown that DNA repair of a similar kind may play an essential role in genetic recombination. With these latter findings taken into consideration, the following more comprehensive theory for the mechanism and functions of DNA repair can be formulated. Four main steps are involved in DNA repair: 1. Single strands of two-strand DNA are interrupted in either of several ways; (a) by a radiation-induced chain break; (b) by the enzymic excision of damaged bases; or (c) by a recombination enzyme that acts during the early stages of genetic recombination. 2. Nucleotides are released, presumably through the action of an enzyme on the free single-strand ends left by these cuts. This enzyme appears to proceed only for a limited distance in normal cells. 3. The DNA twin helix is reconstructed by a DNA repair polymerase that inserts complementary nucleotides into the gap, adding them onto one of the singlestrand ends. Thus, the end of a single strand serves as initiator, while the intact strand opposite serves as template. 4. The repair is completed by joining the phosphodiester backbone when the last nucleotide is inserted into the gap. The mode of action of this repair mechanism in removing a thymine dimer from DNA is illustrated in Fig. 1. The first section of this paper will review experiments on the mechanisms of DNA repair in Escherichia coli following exposure to irradiation or to mutagens. In the next section the role of DNA repair in genetic recombination will be dis-" @default.
• W297796339 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W297796339 date "1966-01-01" @default.
• W297796339 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W297796339 title "DNA Repair and Genetic Recombination: Studies on Mutants of Escherichia coli Defective in These Processes" @default.
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• W297796339 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3583555" @default.
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