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• W2979181188 abstract "In the early history of science, there were no disciplines or subfields. One who studied phenomena or laws of the physical world was labeled a natural philosopher and was typically regarded as a polymath. In fact, the title of scientist didn’t emerge until the 19th century—William Whewell coined the word in 1834 as a more precise substitute for the terms “natural philosopher” and “man of science”, in particular to describe Mary Somerville (a “woman of science”). When depth of knowledge in certain areas became necessary, the labels of biologist, chemist, physicist, etc. were a natural progression (and likely made departmental budgeting easier at universities). Today, scientific disciplines can’t reside in their own silos, separate and isolated from the other fields: physical phenomenon lead to chemical insights, which lead to materials properties, which lead to overall translational applications. Indeed, materials science is sometimes considered the first fusion science, the hybrid offspring of physics and chemistry. Matter doesn’t exist in a vacuum—neither the science nor the journal could exist without the cross-connections from other disciplines. One of the best (and sometimes toughest) parts of being a Matter editor is the breadth of scope that we cover. When we sometimes have to whiz between reading about photovoltaics to biomaterials to structural materials in a single afternoon, a strong interdisciplinary base of scientific knowledge is necessary (and sometimes, a little help from our friends and editorial colleagues at Cell Press, which Steve alluded to in our previous Matter Editorial). These interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, XYZ-disciplinary—or collaborative—branches are becoming more common for the researchers, as well. There is an institutional push to tear down the proverbial institutional walls. Without the fundamental insights on the atomic level from physics and chemistry, scientists cannot understand the behavior of new materials systems. Engineering materials to create efficient solar cells can’t be done without an understanding of how excitons are formed and how they travel through various interfaces to create current. On the flip side, knowledge of the final application—be it medicine, energy, optics, mechanics, or more—is absolutely vital to dictate the necessary materials properties. You can’t design a regenerative biomaterial without the knowledge of the cellular interactions that are integral for tissue differentiation. Cross-disciplinary knowledge and communication is key to advancing all fields of science. Individuals can be specialists with niche expertise, but successful research groups now require multipotentialities strong intellectual curiosity to excel in two or more different fields In this issue of Matter, our authors show off their interdisciplinary multifaceted natures as well. Through the common basis of materials, they show new insights from the fundamental level in the realm of mechanics and electrochemistry all the way to applications in medicine, solar energy, and more. In our Matter of Opinion, Kris Poduska shows how materials science can even be connected to archaeology — not a crossover you see every day. The article featured on the cover, by Ying-Wei Yang et al., shows how nanomaterials and supramolecular chemistry can be combined to create multifunctional hybrid materials for environmental and catalytic applications. Nasim Annabi et al. link materials and medicine, developing new antimicrobial hydrogels to treat peri-implant dental diseases. Ju Li et al. takes their knowledge of physics and electrochemistry to create interlayer materials that control sulfur mobility in Li-S batteries. These examples only showcase a few of the wide-reaching studies that are in this issue and will be published by Matter in the future, from physicists, chemists, biologists, and other “-ists”, all grouped under a common banner of materials scientists. By embracing our increasingly interdisciplinary natures, we can create even stronger research that will reach wider audiences as we look out to other fields for inspiration and insight. Perhaps a new title is needed to accurately label these “people of science”." @default.
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• W2979181188 date "2019-10-01" @default.
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• W2979181188 title "Matter and Materials Scientists Guided by Interdisciplinarity" @default.
• W2979181188 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2019.09.008" @default.
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