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- W2980102223 abstract "Abstract Bioterrorism has been considered a stark reality since the mailing of Bacillus anthracis spores via the United States Postal Service right after 9/11. Spores of B. anthracis cause anthrax disease in animals and humans, and the infectious dose varies from a few (1–10) to 1000 spores, depending on the age, sex, and immunity of the affected individuals. In the event of a large-scale spore release, early detection and defining the contaminated zones are significant challenges. Furthermore, rapid and effective clean-up of contaminated sites, including building interiors, is paramount in minimizing the consequence of biological warfare agent (BWA) release, and restoration of normalcy. For the past 15 years, Chemical Biological Center lab has been focused on both early detection of bacterial pathogens and ricin toxin, and BW decontamination research. With respect to early BWA detection, field detection using molecular approaches is compromised by false-negative and false-positive outcomes. In addition, use of hand-held assays (lateral flow tickets) must contend with high limits of detection (10,000–50,000 spores). In the event of wide-area release, rapid sampling and sampling efficiency from diverse exterior (porous and nonporous) surfaces are critical challenges. Some of our recent R&D and that of our collaborators at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have evaluated the effectiveness of both liquid disinfectants and gaseous fumigants on a diverse range of surfaces. The results have been informative and have filled in research gaps. For example, based on results from these studies, we know that peroxide-based chemicals will be ineffective on concrete, and free-chlorine-based approaches will be ineffective on wood-like structures. Some recent work on environmental sampling and development of novel approaches, e.g., DeconGel for BW decontamination, will be summarized. Finally, current challenges and future research directions will be discussed in light of our recent study, i.e., decontamination of vertical contaminated surfaces." @default.
- W2980102223 created "2019-10-18" @default.
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- W2980102223 date "2020-01-01" @default.
- W2980102223 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2980102223 title "Environmental sampling and bio-decontamination—Recent progress, challenges, and future direction" @default.
- W2980102223 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812026-2.00010-4" @default.
- W2980102223 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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