Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2983196392> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2983196392 endingPage "392" @default.
- W2983196392 startingPage "392" @default.
- W2983196392 abstract "Small metabolites and peptides in 17 snake venoms (Elapidae, Viperinae, and Crotalinae), were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Each venom contains >900 metabolites and peptides. Many small organic compounds are present at levels that are probably significant in prey envenomation, given that their known pharmacologies are consistent with snake envenomation strategies. Metabolites included purine nucleosides and their bases, neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, guanidino compounds, carboxylic acids, amines, mono- and disaccharides, and amino acids. Peptides of 2⁻15 amino acids are also present in significant quantities, particularly in crotaline and viperine venoms. Some constituents are specific to individual taxa, while others are broadly distributed. Some of the latter appear to support high anabolic activity in the gland, rather than having toxic functions. Overall, the most abundant organic metabolite was citric acid, owing to its predominance in viperine and crotaline venoms, where it chelates divalent cations to prevent venom degradation by venom metalloproteases and damage to glandular tissue by phospholipases. However, in terms of their concentrations in individual venoms, adenosine, adenine, were most abundant, owing to their high titers in Dendroaspis polylepis venom, although hypoxanthine, guanosine, inosine, and guanine all numbered among the 50 most abundant organic constituents. A purine not previously reported in venoms, ethyl adenosine carboxylate, was discovered in D. polylepis venom, where it probably contributes to the profound hypotension caused by this venom. Acetylcholine was present in significant quantities only in this highly excitotoxic venom, while 4-guanidinobutyric acid and 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoic acid were present in all venoms." @default.
- W2983196392 created "2019-11-22" @default.
- W2983196392 creator A5023434061 @default.
- W2983196392 creator A5049722014 @default.
- W2983196392 date "2018-09-26" @default.
- W2983196392 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W2983196392 title "Organic and Peptidyl Constituents of Snake Venoms: The Picture Is Vastly More Complex Than We Imagined" @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1274773852 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1489636612 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1496005038 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1499693439 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1508439331 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1519991112 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1523657314 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1545295983 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1550534589 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1555063439 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1562271731 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1563799197 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1566384403 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1570847277 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1577822422 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1843208793 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1847884533 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1884454078 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1895303006 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1928461277 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1964475415 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1967722500 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1968308112 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1971048984 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1971248356 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1971572020 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1971936345 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1973134180 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1973465415 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1976150146 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1976259414 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1976421715 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1977384811 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1977702263 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1978771975 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1980408031 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1980629311 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1981321404 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1982888042 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1983606232 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1983763263 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1984435018 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1984603624 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1984907354 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1985640796 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1985755338 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1985909337 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1987848082 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1988335071 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1988557247 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1989032956 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1989299822 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1990546626 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1990816409 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1991333067 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1991379117 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1991896541 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1992589532 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1992936313 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1993633137 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1993853011 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1994162493 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1994445001 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1995247585 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1995496280 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1995533386 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1996066806 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1996149831 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1996415835 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1996682607 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1997967494 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1998165917 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1998204812 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1998719302 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1998930245 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1999338617 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W1999957169 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2001025729 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2001232385 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2001728871 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2002383082 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2004489555 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2004775003 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2005037545 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2005146709 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2005776786 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2006251549 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2007747953 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2008642438 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2008704159 @default.
- W2983196392 cites W2008718413 @default.