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• W2983443663 endingPage "110" @default.
• W2983443663 startingPage "91" @default.
• W2983443663 abstract "Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the basic component for photosynthesis; it is the procedure by which plants make nourishment and vitality. Carbon dioxide percentage expanded in environment due to the Industrial Revolution. The essential drivers are deforestation and the consuming of petroleum derivatives, for example, coal. The level of carbon dioxide has increased, so its air pollution is affected. The chapter includes scientific information of CO2 to formic acid (HCOOH) and their methods, namely, photocatalytic conversion, electrochemical conversion, and miscellaneous methods. Moreover, the chapter reviews many scientific papers on the reduction of carbon dioxide into formate/formic acid to put light upon serious issues of carbon dioxide. The commercial-scale conversion of carbon dioxide into different types of synthetic fuels will be the prominent initiative to the global issue of CO2 emissions. We are putting light on three possible methods involving CO2 conversion by photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and physicochemical approaches for sustainable or renewable synthetic fuel production. In the photocatalytic science, researchers are doing a very good job such as Baowen Zhou et al. (ACS Sustainable Chem Eng. 6:5754–5759, 2018) that synthesized economical ternary metal chalcogenides by combination of molybdenum, bismuth, and cadmium abbreviated as Mo − Bi−Cd and used as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. The rate of formation of formic acid is as large as 208 μmol g−1 h−1 with a 72% faradaic proficiency. One of the researchers, Giuseppe Mele, and his team (Molecules 20:396–415, 2015) prepared low-cost, stable, composite material as an effective catalyst of TiO2 powder with Cu(II) and porphyrins and phthalocyanines and effectively applied for the productive photoreduction of CO2. The sensitizer is highly proficient in the CO2 photocatalytic reduction into formic acid, likely because of its favorable reduction potential. Similarly, Qinggong Zhu et al. (Angew Chem 128:9158–9162, 2016) describes ternary electrolytes with ionic liquid/acetonitrile/H2O in electrocatalysis reduction of CO2. About 37.6 mA/cm2 of partial current density at 91.6% faradaic efficiency is reported for formic acid, in which the use of homogeneous and noble metal electrocatalysts are included. Sheng Zhang and the group (J Am Chem Soc 136:7845–7848, 2014a; J Am Chem Soc 136:1734–1737, 2014b) also prepared and evaluated high-surface tin oxide nanocrystals as electrocatalysts to reduce CO2 to formic acid. Faradaic maximum yields of 93% formic acid have been achieved with high stability and current density is greater than 10 mA/cm2 in graphene supports. There is also good work have been done in physicochemical approach of CO2 reduction such as Qinggang Liu and team (Nat Commun 8:1407, 2017) devised a catalytic route for the straight conversion of CO2 using an imine based gold nanoparticle with a turnover number approximately 14,470 for 12 h duration and at 90 °C. Advances research in the current science and material engineering for critical issue such as new energy technologies; we hope that researcher will definitely achieved the best solution and technique and overcome this critical issue." @default.
• W2983443663 created "2019-11-22" @default.
• W2983443663 creator A5070317885 @default.
• W2983443663 creator A5075013388 @default.
• W2983443663 date "2019-11-14" @default.
• W2983443663 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W2983443663 title "Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Formic Acid" @default.
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