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- W2988604530 endingPage "105718" @default.
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- W2988604530 abstract "Fundamental questions persist regarding the redox structure and trace metal content of the Mesoproterozoic oceans. Multiple lines of evidence suggest more widespread anoxia in the deep oceans compared to today, and iron speciation indicates that anoxia was largely accompanied by dissolved ferrous iron (ferruginous conditions) rather than free sulfide (euxinia). Still, exceptions exist—euxinic conditions have been reported from some ocean margin and epeiric sea settings, and oxic conditions were reported in one deeper water environment and are also known from shallow waters. Constraining the temporal evolution of Mesoproterozoic marine redox structure is critical because it likely governed redox-sensitive trace metal availability, which in turn played a significant role in marine diazotrophy and the evolution of early eukaryotes. Here, we present a new, multi-proxy geochemical dataset from the ~1.2 Ga Bijaygarh Shale (Kaimur Group, Vindhyan Basin, India) emphasizing total organic carbon, iron speciation, and trace metal concentrations, as well as sulfur, nitrogen, and molybdenum isotopes. This unit was deposited in an open shelf setting near or just below storm wave base. Taken together, our data provide a unique snapshot of a biologically important shallow shelf setting during the Mesoproterozoic Era, which includes: 1) locally ferruginous waters below the zone of wave mixing, 2) muted enrichment of trace metals sensitive to general anoxia (e.g., chromium) and variable enrichment of trace metals sensitive to euxinia (e.g., molybdenum and, to a lesser extent, vanadium), 3) general sulfate limitation, and 4) nitrogen fixation by molybdenum-nitrogenase and a dominantly anaerobic nitrogen cycle in offshore settings. Differential patterns of trace metal enrichment are consistent with data from other basins and suggest a largely anoxic ocean with limited euxinia during the Mesoproterozoic Era. Our new molybdenum isotope data—the first such data from unambiguously marine shales deposited between 1.4 and 0.75 Ga—record values up to +1.18 ± 0.12‰ that are analogous to data from other Mesoproterozoic shale units. Ultimately, this study provides a broad, multi-proxy perspective on the redox conditions that accompanied early eukaryotic evolution." @default.
- W2988604530 created "2019-11-22" @default.
- W2988604530 creator A5029754285 @default.
- W2988604530 creator A5031095238 @default.
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- W2988604530 creator A5044803971 @default.
- W2988604530 creator A5046143472 @default.
- W2988604530 creator A5055743627 @default.
- W2988604530 creator A5060024339 @default.
- W2988604530 date "2020-07-01" @default.
- W2988604530 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2988604530 title "Molybdenum isotope and trace metal signals in an iron-rich Mesoproterozoic ocean: A snapshot from the Vindhyan Basin, India" @default.
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